Details of a Researcher - KOYAMA Masayuki

Papers - KOYAMA Masayuki

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Coexistence of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in patients with heart failure: prevalence and association with functional status

Masayuki Koyama

European Heart Journal 2022

Circulating level of fatty acid-binding protein 4 is an independent predictor of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Marenao Tanaka, Satoko Takahashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Akiko Sakai, Masayuki Koyama, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Masato Furuhashi

Journal of diabetes investigation ( WILEY ) 13 ( 5 ) 878 - 888 2021.12 [Domestic journal]

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as hepatosteatosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity or metabolic dysregulation, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipose tissue, and secreted FABP4 is associated with the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between MAFLD and FABP4 has not been fully addressed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Associations of MAFLD with metabolic markers, including FABP4, fibroblast growth factor 21 and adiponectin, were investigated in 627 individuals (men/women 292/335) in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort. RESULTS: The mean age was 65 years (range 19-98 years, median [interquartile range] 68 [56-76] years). Hepatosteatosis was determined by the fatty liver index (FLI), and FLI ≥35 for men and FLI ≥16 for women were used for detection of fatty liver, as previously reported using 14,471 Japanese individuals. FLI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and levels of FABP4 (r = 0.331, P < 0.001), fibroblast growth factor 21, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as an insulin resistance index and uric acid, and was negatively correlated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. FABP4 concentration was independently associated with FLI after adjustment of age, sex, systolic blood pressure and levels of uric acid, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in multivariable regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that FABP4 was an independent predictor of MAFLD after adjustment of age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and levels of uric acid, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21. CONCLUSIONS: FABP4 concentration is independently associated with FLI and is an independent predictor of MAFLD in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Abrupt Onset of Cardiac Tamponade in Sarcoidosis.

Toshiyuki Yano, Shin Hisahara, Nobutaka Nagano, Takahiro Noto, Toshifumi Ogawa, Ryo Nishikawa, Masayuki Koyama, Hidemichi Kouzu, Atsuko Muranaka, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Shun Shimohama, Tetsuji Miura

International heart journal ( INT HEART JOURNAL ASSOC ) 62 ( 5 ) 1176 - 1181 2021.09 [Domestic journal]

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of noncaseating epithelioid granulomas. Multiple organs, including the lung, eyes, and skin, are involved in this disorder, and cardiac involvement is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with this disorder. We present the case history of a 22-year-old man with neurosarcoidosis complicated by abrupt onset of cardiac tamponade. Cardiac tamponade is a rare but potentially fatal manifestation of sarcoidosis, which is treatable with glucocorticoid therapy. Including the present case, previously reported cases of sarcoidosis with cardiac tamponade are reviewed to delineate its clinical characteristics.

Barthel Index Score Predicts Mortality in Elderly Heart Failure ― A Goal of Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation ―

Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Katsuhiko Ohori, Hidemichi Kouzu, Ryohei Nagaoka, Suguru Honma, Kanako Shimomura, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Masayuki Koyama, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Wataru Ohwada, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Masaki Katayose, Sumio Ishiai, Tetsuji Miura

Circulation Journal ( Japanese Circulation Society ) 86 ( 1 ) 70 - 78 2021.09 [Domestic journal]

BACKGROUND: A strategy to predict mortality in elderly heart failure (HF) patients has not been established.Methods and Results:We retrospectively enrolled 413 HF patients aged ≥65 years (mean age 78 years) who had received comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) during hospitalization. Basic activities of daily life were assessed before discharge using the Barthel index (BI). Of 413 HF patients, 116 (28%) died during a median follow-up period of 1.90 years (interquartile range 1.20-3.23 years). An adjusted dose-dependent association analysis showed that the hazard ratio (HR) of mortality increased in an almost linear manner as the BI score decreased, and that a BI score of 85 corresponded to an HR of 1.0. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that the survival rate was lower for patients with a low BI (<85) than for those with a high BI (≥85; 65% vs. 74%, respectively; P=0.007). In multivariate Cox regression analyses, low BI was independently associated with higher mortality after adjusting for predictors, including B-type natriuretic peptide. Inclusion of the BI into the adjusted model improved the accuracy of the prediction of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: A BI score <85 at the time of discharge is associated with increased mortality independent of known prognostic markers, and achieving functional status with a BI score ≥85 by comprehensive CR during hospitalization may contribute to favorable outcomes in elderly HF patients.

Plasma amino acid profiling improves predictive accuracy of adverse events in patients with heart failure

Hidemichi Kouzu, Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Katsuhiko Ohori, Ryohei Nagaoka, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Masayuki Koyama, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Wataru Ohwada, Tetsuji Miura

ESC Heart Failure ( Wiley ) 8 ( 6 ) 5045 - 5056 2021.09 [International journal]

AIMS: The clinical outcome of heart failure (HF) is complicated by the presence of multiple comorbidities including malnutrition and cachexia, and prediction of the outcome is still difficult in each patient. Metabolomics including amino acid profiling enables detection of alterations in whole body metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine whether plasma amino acid profiling improves prediction of clinical outcomes in patients with HF. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively examined 301 HF patients (70 ± 15 years old; 59% male). Blood samples for measurements of amino acid concentrations were collected in a fasting state after stabilization of HF. Plasma amino acid concentrations were measured using ultraperformance liquid chromatography. Clinical endpoint of this study was adverse event defined as all-cause death and unscheduled readmission due to worsening HF or lethal arrhythmia. During a mean follow-up period of 380 ± 214 days, 40 patients (13%) had adverse events. Results of analyses of variable importance in projection score, a measure of a variable's importance in partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) showed that the top five amino acids being associated with adverse events were 3-methylhistidine (3-Me-His), β-alanine, valine, hydroxyproline, and tryptophan. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazard analyses indicated that a high 3-Me-His concentration and low β-alanine and valine concentrations were independently associated with adverse events. When HF patients were divided according to the cut-off values of amino acids calculated from receiver operating characteristic curves, Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that event-free survival rates were lower in HF patients with high 3-Me-His than in HF patients with low 3-Me-His (68% vs. 91%, P < 0.01). In a subgroup with high 3-Me-His, HF patients with low β-alanine and those with low valine had significantly lower event-free survival rates than did HF patients with high β-alanine and those with high valine, respectively. On the other hand, Kaplan-Meier curves of event-free survival rates did not differ between HF patients with and those without low β-alanine and low valine in subgroups of patients with low 3-Me-His. Inclusion of both high 3-Me-His and low β-alanine or low valine into the adjustment model including N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide improved the accuracy of prediction of adverse events after discharge. 3-Me-His concentration was associated with muscle mass and nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS: Simple measurement of 3-Me-His with either β-alanine or valine improved the predictive ability for adverse events, indicating the utility of plasma amino acid profiling in risk stratification of hospitalized HF patients.

Distinct Regulation of U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 (Urinary and Plasma Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2) in a Japanese General Population

Masato Furuhashi, Akiko Sakai, Marenao Tanaka, Yukimura Higashiura, Kazuma Mori, Masayuki Koyama, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto

Hypertension ( Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ) 78 ( 4 ) 1138 - 1149 2021.08 [International journal]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in coronavirus disease 2019 invades the host through ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) 2 as the host cellular receptor for a viral spike protein. ACE2 converts angiotensin II to angiotensin-(1–7) and cleaved ACE2 is detectable in urine and plasma. However, regulation of U-ACE2 (urinary ACE2) and P-ACE2 (plasma ACE2) and their alterations by renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors remain unclear. We simultaneously investigated U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 in 605 Japanese participants (male/female: 280/325, mean age: 65±15 years) in the Tanno-Sobetsu cohort study in 2017. Males had significantly lower U-ACE2 and higher P-ACE2 than did females. There was no significant correlation between U-ACE2 and P-ACE2. P-ACE2 was significantly lower in subjects treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors than in those not treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, but there was no significant difference in U-ACE2 between the groups. Multivariable regression analyses showed that female sex, high levels of systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin A1c, and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio, and low uric acid level were independent predictors of high U-ACE2 level and that high levels of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and uric acid were independent predictors of high P-ACE2 level. In conclusion, U-ACE2 and P-ACE2 are distinctly regulated and the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors is not an independent predictor of their levels in a Japanese general population. U-ACE2 is associated with high blood pressure, high glucose level, and microalbuminuria, and low urate level, whereas P-ACE2 is associated with liver dysfunction, high glomerular filtration rate, and high urate level.

Novel prediction equation for appendicular skeletal muscle mass estimation in patients with heart failure: Potential application in daily clinical practice.

Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Katsuhiko Ohori, Nobutaka Nagano, Suguru Honma, Kanako Shimomura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Remi Honma, Takefumi Fujito, Masayuki Koyama, Hidemichi Kouzu, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Masaki Katayose, Tetsuji Miura

European journal of preventive cardiology 28 ( 9 ) e18-e21 2021.08 [International journal]

Independent Association of Fatty Liver Index With Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Subjects Without Medication

Masato Furuhashi, Atsuko Muranaka, Satoshi Yuda, Marenao Tanaka, Masayuki Koyama, Mina Kawamukai-Nishida, Satoko Takahashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Daisuke Miyamori, Ryo Nishikawa, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Tetsuji Miura

The American Journal of Cardiology ( Elsevier BV ) 158 139 - 146 2021.08 [International journal]

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been reported to be potentially linked to cardiovascular disease. Fatty liver index (FLI) is a noninvasive and simple predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, little is known about the relationship between FLI and cardiac function, especially in a general population. We investigated the relationships of FLI with echocardiographic parameters in 185 subjects (men/women: 79/106) of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort, who were not being treated with any medication and who underwent echocardiography. FLI was negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and peak myocardial velocity during early diastole (e'; r = -0.342, p <0.001), an index of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function, and ratio of peak mitral velocities during early and late diastole (E/A) and was positively correlated with age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, creatinine, uric acid, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, ratio of mitral to myocardial early diastolic peak velocity (E/e'), left atrial volume index and LV mass index. No significant correlation was found between FLI and LV ejection fraction. Stepwise multivariable regression analysis showed that FLI was independently and negatively associated with e' after adjustment of age, gender, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Conversely, e' was independently and negatively associated with FLI after adjustment of age, gender, systolic blood pressure, and LV ejection fraction. In conclusion, elevated FLI is independently associated with LV diastolic dysfunction in a general population without medication. FLI would be a novel marker of LV diastolic dysfunction as an early sign of myocardial injury.

Energy intake during hospital stay predicts all-cause mortality after discharge independently of nutritional status in elderly heart failure patients.

Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Hidemichi Kouzu, Katsuhiko Ohori, Kanako Shimomura, Suguru Honma, Ryohei Nagaoka, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Masayuki Koyama, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Wataru Ohwada, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Masaki Katayose, Tetsuji Miura

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society 110 ( 8 ) 1202 - 1220 2021.08 [International journal]

OBJECTIVE: Malnutrition is associated with an increased risk of mortality in heart failure (HF) patients. Here, we examined the hypothesis that assessment of energy intake in addition to nutritional status improves the stratification of mortality risk in elderly HF patients. METHODS: We retrospectively examined 419 HF patients aged ≥ 65 years (median 78 years, 49% female). Nutritional status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), and daily energy intake was calculated from intake during 3 consecutive days before discharge. RESULTS: During a median 1.52-year period (IQR 0.96-2.94 years), 110 patients (26%) died. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with low tertile of daily energy intake had a higher mortality rate than did patients with high or middle tertile of daily energy intake. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, low daily energy intake was independently associated with higher mortality after adjustment for the model including age, sex, BNP, Charlson Comorbidity Index, history of HF hospitalization, and cachexia in addition to MNA-SF. Inclusion of both MNA-SF and energy intake into the adjustment model improved the accuracy of prediction of the mortality after discharge (continuous net reclassification improvement, 0.355, p = 0.003; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.029, p = 0.003). Results of a fully adjusted dose-dependent association analysis showed that risk of all-cause mortality was lowest among HF patients who consumed 31.5 kcal/kg/day of energy. CONCLUSIONS: Energy intake during hospital stay is an independent predictor of the mortality in elderly HF patients, and its assessment together with established predictors improves the mortality risk stratification.

Does renin-angiotensin system inhibition have impacts on muscle mass and bone mineral density in heart failure patients?

Satoshi Katano, Toshiyuki Yano, Masaki Shimizu, Katsuhiko Ohori, Hidemichi Kouzu, Masayuki Koyama, Ryohei Nagaoka, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Hiroyuki Takashima, Masaki Katayose, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Tetsuji Miura

ESC heart failure 8 ( 4 ) 2617 - 2624 2021.08 [International journal]

AIMS: Results of experimental studies have indicated the possibility of muscle and bone mass being negatively regulated by renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activation, but that possibility has not been analysed in patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS AND RESULTS: Data for HF patients who received a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan in our hospital were reviewed. Propensity scores for the use of RAS inhibitors (RASIs) were calculated using a multivariate logistic regression model to minimize selection bias. One hundred sixty pairs of patients were extracted. Plasma aldosterone concentration was significantly lower in the RASIs group than in the no-RASIs group (119 [IQR 71-185] vs. 94 [IQR 60-131] pg/mL, P = 0.003), confirming RAS inhibition in the RASIs group. Skeletal muscle mass index tended to be higher in the RASIs group than in the non-RASIs group (15.6 [IQR 14.0-17.2] vs. 15.0 [IQR 13.3-16.6] pg/mL, P = 0.065). The proportion of patients with muscle wasting, defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass indexes of <7.00 and <5.40 kg/m2 for males and females, respectively, was significantly lower in the RASIs group than in the non-RASIs group (53% vs. 64%, P = 0.041). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the no use of RASIs was associated with presence of muscle wasting independently of age, presence of diabetes, renal function, and severity of HF. Bone mineral densities and proportions of patients with osteoporosis were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Renin-angiotensin system inhibition is associated with a lower prevalence of muscle wasting in HF patients independently of established risk factors.

Elevated Fatty Liver Index Is Independently Associated With New Onset of Hypertension During a 10-Year Period in Both Male and Female Subjects.

Yukimura Higashiura, Masato Furuhashi, Marenao Tanaka, Satoko Takahashi, Kazuma Mori, Daisuke Miyamori, Masayuki Koyama, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Norihito Moniwa, Keita Numata, Takashi Hisasue, Nagisa Hanawa, Tetsuji Miura

Journal of the American Heart Association 10 ( 14 ) e021430 2021.07 [International journal]

Background Fatty liver index (FLI), a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has been reported to be associated with several metabolic disorders. Because of a sex difference in FLI level, we hypothesized that FLI is associated with development of hypertension to a greater extent in men or women. Methods and Results We investigated the relationship between FLI and development of hypertension during a 10-year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n=28 990). After exclusion (44.9%) of subjects with missing data and those with hypertension at baseline, a total of 15 965 subjects (men/women: 9466/6499) were included. FLI level was significantly higher in men than in women. During the 10-year period, 2304 men (24.3%) and 745 women (11.5%) had new onset of hypertension. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that the hazard ratios (HRs) for development of hypertension after adjustment of age, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of hypertension, and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia increased gradually with increase in FLI in men and increased rapidly and then slowly with increase in FLI in women. There was a significant interaction between FLI and sex for the risk of hypertension in all of the subjects (P=0.049). The addition of FLI to traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability. Conclusions A high level of FLI predicts the development of hypertension in both men and women, although distribution patterns of HRs were different between sexes.

Prediction of new onset of diabetes mellitus during a 10-year period by using a combination of levels of alanine aminotransferase and γ-glutamyl transferase.

Daisuke Miyamori, Marenao Tanaka, Masato Furuhashi, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Masayuki Koyama, Arata Osanami, Yukimura Higashiura, Keita Numata, Takashi Hisasue, Nagisa Hanawa, Norihito Moniwa, Tetsuji Miura

Endocrine journal 68 ( 12 ) 1391 - 1402 2021.07 [Domestic journal]

Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have been reported to be associated with increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM). However, whether a combination of levels of ALT and GGT predicts new onset of DM better than does ALT or GGT alone in both males and females has not fully been addressed. We investigated the relationship between the combination of ALT and GGT and DM development during a 10-year follow-up period in 13,919 subjects (male/female: 8,983/4,936; age 48 ± 10 years) who received health examinations. During the 10-year period, 617 males (6.9%) and 153 females (3.1%) had new onset of DM. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard ratios (HRs) of DM development increased with higher levels of ALT and GGT at baseline in both sexes after adjustment of confounding factors. When divided into 4 subgroups of high (H-) and low (L-) levels of ALT (male/female: 27/21 U/L) and GGT (male/female: 43/23 U/L) using cutoff values shown by receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, the adjusted HR in the H-ALT/H-GGT group was significantly higher than HR in the L-ALT/L-GGT group as the reference in males (HR [95% confidence interval]: 1.73[1.36-2.20], p < 0.001) but was not significantly higher in females (1.50 [0.97-2.33], p = 0.065). The addition of the combination of H-ALT/H-GGT to traditional risk factors with and without H-ALT or H-GGT alone significantly improved the discriminatory capability for predicting development of DM. In conclusion, the combination of H-ALT/H-GGT efficiently predicts development of DM in male individuals but not significantly in female individuals.

High level of fatty liver index predicts new onset of diabetes mellitus during a 10-year period in healthy subjects.

Yukimura Higashiura, Masato Furuhashi, Marenao Tanaka, Satoko Takahashi, Masayuki Koyama, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Keita Numata, Takashi Hisasue, Nagisa Hanawa, Norihito Moniwa, Kazufumi Tsuchihashi, Tetsuji Miura

Scientific reports 11 ( 1 ) 12830 - 12830 2021.06 [International journal]

Fatty liver index (FLI), a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, has been reported to be associated with several metabolic disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between FLI and new onset of diabetes mellitus (DM). We investigated the association of FLI with new onset of DM during a 10-year period in subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28,990). After exclusion of subjects with DM at baseline and those with missing data, a total of 12,290 subjects (male/female: 7925/4365) who received health examinations were recruited. FLI was significantly higher in males than in females. During the 10-year period, DM was developed in 533 males (6.7%) and 128 females (2.9%). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that the risk of new onset of DM increased with a higher FLI at baseline in both sexes after adjustment of age, fasting plasma glucose, habits of alcohol drinking and current smoking, family history of DM and diagnosis of hypertension and dyslipidemia at baseline. When the subjects were divided into subgroups according to tertiles of FLI level at baseline (T1-T3) in the absence and presence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG), hazard ratios after adjustment of the confounders gradually increased from T1 to T3 and from the absence to presence of IFG in both male and female subjects. In conclusion, a high level of FLI predicts new onset of DM in a general population of both male and female individuals.

Independent association of plasma xanthine oxidoreductase activity with hypertension in nondiabetic subjects not using medication.

Masato Furuhashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Masayuki Koyama, Marenao Tanaka, Takayo Murase, Takashi Nakamura, Seigo Akari, Akiko Sakai, Kazuma Mori, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Tetsuji Miura

Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension 44 ( 9 ) 1213 - 1220 2021.06 [International journal]

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a rate-limiting and catalyzing enzyme of uric acid formation in purine metabolism, is involved in reactive oxygen species generation. Plasma XOR activity has been shown to be a novel metabolic biomarker related to obesity, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. However, the association between plasma XOR activity and hypertension has not been fully elucidated. We investigated the association of hypertension with plasma XOR activity in 271 nondiabetic subjects (male/female: 119/152) who had not taken any medications in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort. Males had higher plasma XOR activity than females. Plasma XOR activity was positively correlated with mean arterial pressure (r = 0.128, P = 0.036). When the subjects were divided by the presence and absence of hypertension into an HT group (male/female: 34/40) and a non-HT group (male/female: 85/112), plasma XOR activity in the HT group was significantly higher than that in the non-HT group (median: 39 vs. 28 pmol/h/mL, P = 0.028). There was no significant difference in uric acid levels between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that plasma XOR activity (odds ratio: 1.091 [95% confidence interval: 1.023-1.177] per 10 pmol/h/mL, P = 0.007) was an independent determinant of the risk for hypertension after adjustment for age, sex, current smoking and alcohol consumption, estimated glomerular filtration rate, brain natriuretic peptide, and insulin resistance index. The interaction of sex with plasma XOR activity was not significant for the risk of hypertension. In conclusion, plasma XOR activity is independently associated with hypertension in nondiabetic individuals who are not taking any medications.

北海道のST上昇型急性心筋梗塞における総虚血時間と再灌流療法選択の実態

親谷佳佑, 小山雅之, 大西浩文, 三浦哲嗣

日本循環器病予防学会誌 ( (一社)日本循環器病予防学会 ) 56 ( 2 ) 173 - 173 2021.05

Fatty liver index is independently associated with deterioration of renal function during a 10-year period in healthy subjects.

Satoko Takahashi, Marenao Tanaka, Masato Furuhashi, Norihito Moniwa, Masayuki Koyama, Yukimura Higashiura, Arata Osanami, Yufu Gocho, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Keita Numata, Takashi Hisasue, Nagisa Hanawa, Tetsuji Miura

Scientific reports ( NATURE PORTFOLIO ) 11 ( 1 ) 8606 - 8606 2021.04 [International journal]

A potential link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been suggested. We investigated the relationship between fatty liver index (FLI), a noninvasive and simple predictor of NAFLD, and the development of CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or positive for urinary protein during a 10-year follow-up period in subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28,890). After exclusion of CKD at baseline, a total of 14,163 subjects (male/female: 9077/5086) were recruited. During the 10-year period, 1458 males (16.1%) and 737 females (14.5%) had new onset of CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard ratios (HRs) of CKD development increased with a higher FLI at baseline in both males and females after adjustment of confounders. When divided by tertiles of FLI level at baseline (T1 ~ T3), the adjusted risk of CKD development in the T3 group (HR [95% confidence interval], male/female: 1.33 [1.16-1.54]/1.33 [1.08-1.63]) was significantly higher than that in both sexes in the T1 group as the reference. The addition of FLI into traditional risk factors significantly improved the discriminatory capability for predicting CKD. In conclusion, a high level of FLI predicts the development of CKD in both sexes in a general population.

Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of ischemic stroke in patients on hemodialysis: BOREAS-HD3 Study.

Ayumu Kimura, Marenao Tanaka, Norihito Moniwa, Arata Osanami, Koki Abe, Daisuke Miyamori, Yufu Gocho, Satoru Shibata, Makoto Terasawa, Yusuke Okazaki, Tomohisa Yamashita, Masayuki Koyama, Masato Furuhashi, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Tetsuji Miura

Clinical and experimental nephrology 25 ( 3 ) 297 - 304 2021.03 [Domestic journal]

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an established risk factor for ischemic stroke in a general population. However, its impact in patients on hemodialysis (HD), a group with a high risk for stroke, is still controversial. Here we examined this issue in a Japanese cohort. METHODS: This study was designed as a multicenter cohort study. HD patients (n = 1,067) were enrolled from 22 institutes in January 2009 and followed up for 3 years. Patients with missing data (n = 196) or kidney transplantation (n = 4) were excluded, and 867 patients contributed to the analysis of the risk of new-onset of ischemic stroke. RESULTS: At baseline, AF was observed in 123 patients (14.2%, AF group) and not in the others (n = 744: 85.8%, non-AF group). During a follow-up period of 31.3 months, the cumulative incidence rate for ischemic stroke was significantly higher in the AF group than in the non-AF group (6.5% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.05). In Cox regression analysis, AF was a significant independent risk factor for new-onset of ischemic stroke after adjustment for age, sex, prior history of ischemic stroke, use of warfarin, dialysis vintage, comorbidity of diabetic nephropathy, and interdialytic weight gain (hazard ratio 2.17-2.68). CONCLUSION: Present analyses using comprehensive adjustment for multiple confounders, including prior history of ischemic stroke, indicated that AF independently increases the risk of new-onset of ischemic stroke by more than twofold in Japanese HD patients.

Elevated circulating FABP4 concentration predicts cardiovascular death in a general population: a 12-year prospective study.

Norie Saito, Masato Furuhashi, Masayuki Koyama, Yukimura Higashiura, Hiroshi Akasaka, Marenao Tanaka, Norihito Moniwa, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Nobuyuki Ura, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Tetsuji Miura

Scientific reports ( (一社)日本循環器学会 ) 11 ( 1 ) 4008 - 4008 2021.02 [International journal]

Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is secreted from adipose tissue and acts as an adipokine, and an elevated circulating FABP4 level is associated with metabolic disorders and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the causal link between circulating FABP4 level and mortality in a general population. We investigated the relationship between FABP4 concentration and mortality including cardiovascular death during a 12-year period in subjects of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort (n = 721, male/female: 302/419). FABP4 concentration at baseline was significantly higher in female subjects than in male subjects. All-cause death occurred in 123 (male/female: 74/49) subjects, and 34 (male/female: 20/14) and 42 (male/female: 26/16) subjects died of cardiovascular events and cancer, respectively. When divided into 3 groups according to tertiles of FABP4 level at baseline by sex (T1-T3), Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that there were significant differences in rates of all-cause death and cardiovascular death, but not cancer death, among the groups. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model analysis with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard ratio (HR) for cardiovascular death, but not that for all-cause death, significantly increased with a higher FABP4 level at baseline after adjustment of age and sex. The risk of cardiovascular death after adjustment of age, sex, body mass index and levels of brain natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the 3rd tertile (T3) group (HR: 4.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.20-22.3) was significantly higher than that in the 1st tertile (T1) group as the reference. In conclusion, elevated circulating FABP4 concentration predicts cardiovascular death in a general population.

DOI PubMed J-GLOBAL

High percent body fat mass predicts lower risk of cardiac events in patients with heart failure: an explanation of the obesity paradox.

Katsuhiko Ohori, Toshiyuki Yano, Satoshi Katano, Hidemichi Kouzu, Suguru Honma, Kanako Shimomura, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Ryohei Nagaoka, Masayuki Koyama, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Tetsuji Miura

BMC geriatrics 21 ( 1 ) 16 - 16 2021.01 [International journal]

BACKGROUND: Although high body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor of heart failure (HF), HF patients with a higher BMI had a lower mortality rate than that in HF patients with normal or lower BMI, a phenomenon that has been termed the "obesity paradox". However, the relationship between body composition, i.e., fat or muscle mass, and clinical outcome in HF remains unclear. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data for 198 consecutive HF patients (76 years of age; males, 49%). Patients who were admitted to our institute for diagnosis and management of HF and received a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan were included regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) categories. Muscle wasting was defined as appendicular skeletal muscle mass index < 7.0 kg/m2 in males and < 5.4 kg/m2 in females. Increased percent body fat mass (increased FM) was defined as percent body fat > 25% in males and > 30% in females. RESULTS: The median age of the patients was 76 years (interquartile range [IQR], 67-82 years) and 49% of them were male. The median LVEF was 47% (IQR, 33-63%) and 33% of the patients had heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Increased FM and muscle wasting were observed in 58 and 67% of the enrolled patients, respectively. During a 180-day follow-up period, 32 patients (16%) had cardiac events defined as cardiac death or readmission by worsening HF or arrhythmia. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients with increased FM had a lower cardiac event rate than did patients without increased FM (11.4% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.03). Kaplan-Meier curves of cardiac event rates did not differ between patients with and those without muscle wasting (16.5% vs. 15.4%, p = 0.93). In multivariate Cox regression analyses, increased FM was independently associated with lower cardiac event rates (hazard ratio: 0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.93) after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, muscle wasting, and renal function. CONCLUSIONS: High percent body fat mass is associated with lower risk of short-term cardiac events in HF patients.

Distinct determinants of muscle wasting in nonobese heart failure patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Toshiyuki Yano, Satoshi Katano, Hidemichi Kouzu, Ryohei Nagaoka, Takuya Inoue, Yuhei Takamura, Tomoyuki Ishigo, Ayako Watanabe, Katsuhiko Ohori, Masayuki Koyama, Nobutaka Nagano, Takefumi Fujito, Ryo Nishikawa, Akiyoshi Hashimoto, Tetsuji Miura

Journal of diabetes ( Wiley ) 13 ( 1 ) 7 - 18 2021.01 [Refereed] [International journal]

BACKGROUND: Muscle wasting, that is, reduction in muscle mass, is frequently observed in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: We retrospectively examined 185 patients with CHF (median age of 71 years [interquartile range, 61-78 years]; 64% male) who received a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan for assessment of appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). RESULTS: Seventy patients with CHF (38%) had DM. Patients with DM had higher prevalences of ischemic heart disease and hypertension, lower levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and ASMI, and higher levels of plasma renin activity (PRA) than did patients without DM. In simple regression analyses, ASMI was positively correlated with the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) score and levels of hemoglobin, eGFR, and fasting plasma insulin and was negatively correlated with levels of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, PRA, and cortisol. In multiple linear regression analyses, age, MNA-SF score, DM, fasting plasma insulin level, and PRA were independently associated with ASMI. When multiple linear regression analyses were separately performed in a non-DM group and a DM group, MNA-SF score and fasting plasma insulin level were independent variables for ASMI in both groups. PRA was independently associated with ASMI in the DM group but not in the non-DM group, whereas cortisol concentration was independently associated with ASMI only in the non-DM group. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to malnutrition and reduction in plasma insulin, renin-angiotensin system activation may be responsible for the development of muscle wasting in CHF patients with DM.

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