担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

AIM: To analyse the epidemiology of intussusception in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan during a 10-year period spanning the introduction of the rotavirus (RV) vaccine (2007-2016). METHODS: Using a standard questionnaire, a retrospective surveillance was conducted across 17 hospitals with paediatric beds in Hokkaido Prefecture. We compared the data between the pre-vaccine era (2007-2011) and post-vaccine era (2012-2016). RESULTS: In total, 208 and 110 intussusception cases were in the pre- and post-vaccine eras, respectively. A significant reduction of the intussusception incidence in children aged <1 year was observed from the pre- to the post-vaccine era (102.4-56.5 per 100 000 infants; incidence rate ratio, 0.55; p = 0.004). There was a relatively high-positive RV antigen detection rate (29.4%, 5/17) during the RV epidemic period in Japan (March-May) in the pre-vaccine era. None of the intussusception cases in the 31 patients with a history of RV vaccination occurred within 1 month after the administration of an RV vaccine dose. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of intussusception in children aged <1 year decreased significantly after RV vaccine introduction in Japan. Another survey is needed to determine how the incidence of intussusception has changed further since the introduction of routine RV vaccination in 2020.

DOI： 10.1111/apa.16656

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) rapidly spread worldwide, and the various infection control measures have a significant influence on the spread of many infectious diseases. However, there have been no multicenter studies on how the number of hospitalized children with various infectious diseases changed before and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in Japan. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, prospective survey for hospitalized pediatric patients in 18 hospitals in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, from July 2019 to February 2021. We defined July 2019 to February 2020 as pre-COVID-19, and July 2020 to February 2021 as post-COVID-19. We surveyed various infectious diseases by sex and age. RESULTS: In total, 5300 patients were hospitalized during the study period. The number of patients decreased from 4266 in the pre-COVID-19 period to 701 (16.4%) post-COVID-19. Patients with influenza and RSV decreased from 308 to 795 pre-COVID-19 to zero and three (0.4%) post-COVID-19. However, patients with adenovirus (respiratory infection) only decreased to 60.9% (46-28) of pre-COVID levels. Patients with rotavirus, norovirus, and adenovirus gastroenteritis decreased markedly post-COVID-19 to 2.6% (38-1), 27.8% (97-27) and 13.5% (37-5). The number of patients with UTIs was similar across the two periods (109 and 90). KD patients decreased to 31.7% (161-51) post-COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that current infection control measures for COVID-19 such as wearing masks, washing hands, and disinfecting hands with alcohol are effective against various infectious diseases. However, these effects vary by disease.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.07.024

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

In Japan, a monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) and a pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) were launched as voluntary vaccinations in November 2011 and July 2012, respectively. Rotavirus (RV) vaccine coverage in Japan increased from 30.0% in 2012 to 78.4% in 2019. The number of RV gastroenteritis hospitalizations decreased after 2014 in Japan, and is expected to decrease further following the introduction of RV vaccines into the national immunization program in October 2020. The incidence rates of intussusception (IS) among children aged <1 year were 102.8 and 94.0 per 100,000 person-years in the pre-vaccine (2007-2011) and post-vaccine (2012-September 2014) eras, respectively. IS incidence did not increase following RV vaccine introduction in Japan. The efficacy and safety of RV vaccination were both documented in Japan. To reduce the risk of IS following RV vaccination, it is important that children receive a first dose of RV vaccine at age <15 weeks, preferably at age 2 months. Some strains that have emerged since RV vaccine introduction, such as DS-1-like G1P[8], eG3, and G8P[8], have spread nationwide. These three emerging genotypes did not affect the severity of the RV infection. Continuous city-level surveillance, using analysis of all 11 RV genome segments, is necessary to elucidate the genetic characteristics of prevalent RV strains. These efforts would also clarify the influence of vaccination on genetic changes of RV strains and the emergence of new genotypes.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.04.002

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) infect a wide variety of mammalian and avian species. Animals act as a potential reservoir to RVA human infections by direct virion transmission or by contributing genes to reassortants. Here, we report the molecular characterization of a rare human RVA strain Ni17-46 with a genotype G15P[14], isolated in Japan in 2017 during rotavirus surveillance in a paediatric outpatient clinic. The genome constellation of this strain was G15-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A13-N2-T9-E2-H3. This is the first report of an RVA with G15 genotype in humans, and sequencing and phylogenetic analysis results suggest that human infection with this strain has zoonotic origin from the bovine species. Given the fact that this strain was isolated from a patient with gastroenteritis and dehydration symptoms, we must take into account the virulence of this strain in humans.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001581

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Since 2013, equine-like G3 rotavirus (eG3) strains have been detected throughout the world, including in Japan, and the strains were found to be dominant in some countries. In 2016, the first eG3 outbreak in Japan occurred in Tomakomai, Hokkaido prefecture, and the strains became dominant in other Hokkaido areas the following year. There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics of eG3 and non-eG3 rotavirus infections. The eG3 strains detected in Hokkaido across 2 years from 2016 to 2017 had DS-1-like constellations (i.e. G3-P[8]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2), and the genes were highly conserved (97.5-100 %). One strain, designated as To16-12 was selected as the representative strain for these strains, and all 11 genes of this strain (To16-12) exhibited the closest identity to one foreign eG3 strain (STM050) seen in Indonesia in 2015 and two eG3 strains (IS1090 and MI1125) in another Japanese prefecture in 2016, suggesting that this strain might be introduced into Japan from Indonesia. Sequence analyses of VP7 genes from animal and human G3 strains found worldwide did not identify any with close identity (>92 %) to eG3 strains, including equine RV Erv105. Analysis of another ten genes indicated that the eG3 strain had low similarity to G2P[4] strains, which are considered traditional DS-1-like strains, but high similarity to DS-1-like G1P[8] strains, which first appeared in Asia in 2012. These data suggest that eG3 strains were recently generated in Asia as mono-reassortant strain between DS-1-like G1P[8] strains and unspecified animal G3 strains. Our results indicate that rotavirus surveillance in the postvaccine era requires whole-genome analyses.

DOI： 10.1099/jgv.0.001548

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Group A rotaviruses (RVs) are a major cause of severe gastroenteritis among infants and young children. In Japan, RV vaccines were introduced in 2011, leading to a reduction in severe gastroenteritis cases. Studies are required to assess the effectiveness of the vaccines and their effect on the prevalence of RV genotypes. METHODS: Fecal samples were collected from outpatients with RV gastroenteritis in a pediatric clinic in Sapporo, Japan, from 2010 to 2016. GPI genotypes were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Clinical information and immunization records were obtained from outpatients after 2013. GPI genotypes and clinical features were compared between patients with and without a RV vaccine history. RESULTS: In total, 270 cases were genotyped. G1P[8]I1 (Wa-like G1P[8]) strains were dominant from 2010 to 2012. G1P[8]I2 (DS-1-like G1P[8]) strains appeared in 2012 and dominated in 2013 to 2015. G2P[4]I2 and G9P[8]I1 strains increased every 3 years (G2P[4]I2: 2011 and 2014, G9P[8]I1: 2010, 2013 and 2016). After the 2013 season, 137 cases were collected, 24 of which were vaccinated. Cases requiring drip infusion were fewer in the vaccination group than in the non-vaccination group (16.7% vs 52.2%). No patients required hospitalization in the vaccination group compared with 10.6% in the non-vaccination group. A severe Vesikari score was less common in the vaccination group than in the non-vaccination group (33.3% vs 78.8%). There was no significant difference in the GPI genotype distribution between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Rotaviruses vaccine effectiveness, regardless of GPI genotype, was confirmed in terms of alleviation of disease severity.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.14150

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Rotavirus (RV) vaccination has been available in Japan since November 2011, but is not yet part of Japan's national immunisation programs. There are insufficient data on vaccine effectiveness (VE) among Japanese children. METHODS: Between the months of January and May in 2014 and 2015, we conducted active surveillance of gastroenteritis among children at 14 medical facilities. Rectal swabs from all patients with diarrhoea or vomiting were tested for RV by immunochromatography, and positive specimens were genotyped. Demographic data and immunisation records were obtained from a questionnaire completed by their parents/guardians or medical records. A test-negative case-control design was used to examine vaccine effectiveness (VE) using unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusted for possible confounding factors. RESULTS: Among the 1519 eligible subjects (children with acute gastroenteritis symptoms aged ≥2 months to <3 y visiting medical facilities) recruited, 487 cases and 925 controls were enrolled. Cases had more severe symptoms than controls, requiring more intensive treatment, including intravenous rehydration or hospitalisation. VE against all rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) was 80.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.8-85.5%), and VEs against RV1 and RV5 were similar, at 80.6% (95%CI, 70.7-87.1%) for RV1 and 80.4% (95% CI, 69.1-87.6%) for RV5. Although VEs of both vaccines decreased with age, VEs against all RVGE were >70% up to 2 years after vaccination. VEs increased with severity of RVGE, and VE against severe RVGE, requiring intravenous rehydration or hospitalisation, was 97.3% (95% CI, 88.8-99.3%). VEs of RV1 and RV5 against G1P[8] and G2P[4] were comparable, at RV1, 89.8% (95% CI, 78.2-95.5%) and 78.3% (95% CI, 23.6-93.8%); and RV5, 85.8% (95% CI, 72.8-92.6%) and 88.1% (95% CI, 10.1-98.4%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Rotavirus vaccines were effective in preventing mild to severe RVGE, irrespective of vaccine type, time since vaccination, or RV genotype.

DOI： 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.007

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.3201/eid2306.160038

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1099/vir.0.071373-0

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00358.x

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.virol.2008.07.041

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1128/JCM.44.1.177-182.2006

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (AHUE) has been reported globally since April 2022. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the incidence of AHUE in Japan. METHODS: A nationwide survey of AHUE was conducted in 2,510 pediatric hospitals by the Japan Pediatric Society. We retrospectively reviewed AHUE cases, defined by the World Health Organization's working case definition, and compared the incidence, clinical characteristics, and causative pathogens before the COVID-19 pandemic period (pre-pandemic, January 2017-December 2019) and during the pandemic period (pandemic, January 2020-June 2022). RESULTS: In total, 707 cases (450 pre-pandemic, 257 pandemic) were reported. The median age was 3 years (interquartile range (IQR): 1-9 years), and 43.8% were female. The number of AHUE cases decreased significantly in the pandemic period (102.8 cases/year) compared with the pre-pandemic period (150.0 cases/year). Investigations of pathogen causing AHUE demonstrated that the most common cause was unknown, accounting for 64% and 75% of cases in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods, respectively. Among those whose pathogens were identified, the most common pathogens were Epstein-Barr virus (9.6%), cytomegalovirus (6.2%), and influenza (4.0%) in the pre-pandemic, and 7.0%, 3.5%, and 0.4% respectively in the pandemic period. SARS-CoV-2 and adenovirus were only 2.7% and 1.9% respectively in the pandemic period. CONCLUSIONS: The number of AHUE cases decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the pre-pandemic period, and no increase in adenovirus associated disease or severe cases were observed in Japan. 40-WORD SUMMARY: A nationwide survey of Pediatric acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (AHUE) was conducted in Japan. The number of AHUE cases decreased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and no increase in severe cases were observed in Japan.

DOI： 10.1093/jpids/piaf063

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Podocytes are essential for kidney function, and their dysfunction can result in nephrotic syndrome, such as minimal change disease (MCD). Oxidative stress contributes to podocyte damage. We investigated the therapeutic potential of intravenously infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced rodent MCD model, focusing on oxidative stress modulation. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: intact, PAN-Vehicle, and PAN-MSC. MCD was induced through subcutaneous PAN injection. MSCs were infused intravenously in the PAN-MSC group on day 7. Urinary albumin, serum albumin, and creatinine levels were assessed. Histological analysis of the renal cortex was performed. Podocyte protein (NPHS1, NPHS2, and PODXL) and antioxidant enzyme (SOD1, SOD2, and GPX1) levels were measured using quantitative real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: MSC infusion significantly reduced proteinuria and restored podocyte structure in the PAN-MSC group. Electron microscopy revealed that infused MSCs could inhibit the fusion of the foot process induced by PAN injection. qRT-PCR showed that intravenous infusion of MSCs rescued the inhibition of GPX1 expression. GFP-labeled MSCs accumulated at the podocyte injury sites. Conclusion: Systemic MSC infusion mitigates PAN-induced MCD by reducing proteinuria, preserving podocyte structure, and modulating oxidative stress via the GPX1 pathway, offering a potential therapeutic approach for nephrotic syndrome.

DOI： 10.3390/pathophysiology32020019

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Congenital syphilis (CS) is a mother-to-child infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum , transmitted through the placenta. In Japan, the number of syphilis cases has recently increased, accompanied by an increase in CS cases. Thus, automated methods for serum antibodies with serial values, without a 2× dilution sequence, have been widely used. Moreover, benzathine penicillin G was introduced in Japan in 2021. In response to the recent surge in CS, the first edition of the clinical practice guidelines for the management of CS was developed by a committee comprising representatives from 4 Japanese medical societies. This summary outlines 5 clinical questions with statements and expert comments regarding diagnosis, treatment and follow-up requirements. These guidelines aim to assist in the management of patients with CS infection.

DOI： 10.1097/INF.0000000000004665

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: In March 2024, children with pulmonary hypoplasia, airway stenosis, congenital esophageal atresia, inborn errors of metabolism, and neuromuscular diseases became eligible for palivizumab in Japan. Despite limited epidemiological data, expert consensus guided the recommendation for palivizumab use in these children to ensure its proper application. OBJECTIVES: This article outlines the proper use of palivizumab for RSV infection in infants and children with the specified conditions, aiming to enhance understanding of the medical basis for its clinical guidance. METHODS: A nationwide survey targeted pediatric specialist facilities. Additionally, an investigator-initiated clinical trial under AMED evaluated palivizumab's efficacy and safety in newborns, infants, and young children with the five high-risk diseases. RESULTS: Palivizumab was given to 23 children aged 24 months or younger with the specified conditions. No RSV-related hospitalizations occurred, and serum concentrations remained therapeutically effective. Adverse events were consistent with existing data, with no serious events linked to palivizumab. CONCLUSION: Following successful trial results, early approval was granted on March 26, 2024. This article aims to promote the appropriate use of palivizumab for RSV infection in children with the specified conditions through clinical guidance.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.12.017

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Human sapovirus (HuSaV) is a significant cause of gastroenteritis. This study aims to analyze the evolutionary dynamics of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid (VP1) genes of the HuSaV GI.1 and GI.2 genotypes between 1976 and 2020. Using bioinformatics tools such as the Bayesian phylogenetics software BEAST 2 package (v.2.7.6), we constructed time-scale evolutionary trees based on the gene sequences. Most of the recent common ancestors (MRCAs) of the RdRp region and VP1 gene in the present HuSaV GI.1 diverged around 1930 and 1933, respectively. The trees of the HuSaV GI.1 RdRp region and VP1 gene were divided into two clusters. Further, the MRCAs of the RdRp region and VP1 gene in HuSaV GI.2 diverged in 1960 and 1943, respectively. The evolutionary rates were higher for VP1 gene in HuSaV GI.1 than that in HuSaV GI.2, furthermore, were higher in GI.1 Cluster B than GI.1 Cluster A. In addition, a steep increase was observed in the time-scaled genome population size of the HuSaV GI.1 Cluster B. These results indicate that the HuSaV GI.1 Cluster B may be evolving more actively than other genotypes. The conformational B-cell epitopes were predicted with a higher probability in RdRp for GI.1 and in VP1 for GI.2, respectively. These results suggest that the RdRp region and VP1 gene in HuSaV GI.1 and GI.2 evolved uniquely. These findings suggest unique evolutionary patterns in the RdRp region and VP1 gene of HuSaV GI.1 and GI.2, emphasizing the need for a 'One Health' approach to better understand and combat this pathogen.

DOI： 10.3390/microorganisms13020322

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier BV  

An 11-year-old girl with quiescent ulcerative colitis had sustained elevation of liver enzymes. Although she had no clinical symptoms suggestive of Wilson's disease, such as Kayser-Fleischer rings, laboratory data showed decreased serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels and increased urinary copper excretion. Genetic testing showed pathogenic variants in ATP7B allele 1: c.2004_2006delGAT (p. Met668del) and allele 2: c.1708-5T>G. After starting copper chelators, her liver function normalized, and she maintained clinical and endoscopic remission of ulcerative colitis. Mutations or defective functions of ATP7B lead to hepatic dysfunction and intestinal inflammation.

DOI： 10.1016/j.gastha.2024.09.003

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/ped.70037

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rotavirus infections are long-standing infectious diseases that affect children worldwide. RSV and rotavirus were first discovered in clinical specimens in 1955 and 1973, respectively. From their discovery to the present day, significant progress has been made in understanding these two infections. The introduction of a simple and rapid antigen diagnostic test into clinical settings in the 1990s offered new insight into the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of these infections. Regarding therapeutics, symptomatic treatments have remained the mainstay; however, prophylactic humanized anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies have been developed and advances in structural biology may allow for more effective human anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies and novel RSV vaccines to be developed soon. For rotavirus, two vaccines have been licensed and broadly applied over the past 10 years, which have been successful clinically and have changed the epidemiology of rotavirus infections in Japan.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.05.008

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語  

DOI： 10.1002/pbc.31148

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Cancer treatment for children is typically long-term and difficult, and the experience is unique for each child. When designing child-centred care, individuals' values and preferences are considered equally important as the clinical evidence; therefore, understanding children's thoughts and attitudes while they receive long-term treatment could offer valuable insights for better clinical practice. METHODS: We conducted long-term consecutive participatory observations and interviews with seven children, who were hospitalised and receiving cancer treatment for the first time. The daily observational data on those children's discourses, behaviours and interactions with health professionals were systematically collected and thematically examined. The analysis was expanded to explore significant narratives for each child to capture their narrative sequence over time. RESULTS: The initial analysis identified 685 narrative indexes for all observation data, which were categorised into 21 sub-codes. Those sub-codes were assembled into five main themes by thematic analysis: making promises with health professionals, learning about the treatment procedures through participation, taking care of oneself, increasing the range of activities one can perform and living an ordinary life. CONCLUSION: We observed a forward-looking attitude toward understanding cancer, accepting treatment and looking forward to the future among children undergoing in-hospital cancer treatment. In addition, the children developed cognitively, affectively and relationally throughout cancer treatment processes. These findings have implications for better clinical practice in child-centred care, including children's participation in shared decision-making in paediatric oncology.

DOI： 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002405

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Many randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have evaluated the use of probiotics to treat acute infectious gastroenteritis. However, most probiotic species evaluated in previous large randomized controlled trials are unavailable in Japan. Our objective was to investigate the efficacy of probiotics utilized in Japan for acute gastroenteritis. METHODS: The inclusion criterion was a randomized controlled study that compared probiotics with a placebo to treat children younger than 18 years with acute infectious gastroenteritis. We excluded studies that did not contain the following species available in Japan: Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Clostridium butyricum, and Bacillus subtilis and studies in low- or lower-middle-income countries. We searched PubMed, CENTRAL, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi from their inception to November 27, 2022. After the risk of bias assessment, data on diarrhea duration, number of hospitalizations, length of hospital stay, and adverse effects were extracted. RESULTS: Fourteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Diarrhea lasting longer than 48 h (7 articles, n = 878) was significantly lower in the probiotic group (risk ratio (RR) 0.70, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.59-0.83). The duration of diarrhea (14 articles; n = 1761) was 23.45 h (95 % CI 18.22-26.69) shorter in the probiotic group. Duration of hospitalization (6 articles; n = 971) was 17.73 h (95 % CI 6.9-28.56) shorter in the probiotic group. CONCLUSIONS: Although the certainty of evidence is very low, the use of probiotics for acute gastroenteritis in children may improve diarrhea approximately one day earlier. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42023405559).

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.11.005

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.nmni.2024.101230

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Because of a scant report, it is little known that thyroid storms can occur after trauma, even in adolescence. Significantly, this increases the risk of delaying diagnosis resulting in life-threatening. CASE PRESENTATION: A 13-year-old girl was admitted to the emergency department after a traffic accident. Despite receiving comprehensive trauma care, the patient developed hyperthermia and tachycardia that did not respond to temperature management therapy. On the 10th day of her admission, she was diagnosed with a thyroid storm. Treatment for thyroid storm was initiated; thereby, her condition was totally improved. CONCLUSION: We experienced a case of an adolescent girl, who developed a thyroid storm during the treatment of trauma and could save her life. Clinicians should consider thyroid storm in post-traumatic hyperthermia and tachycardia patients, even in children.

DOI： 10.1002/ams2.70004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Perinatal brain injury is multifactorial and primarily associated with brain prematurity, inflammation, and hypoxia-ischemia. Although recent advances in perinatal medicine have improved the survival rates of preterm infants, neurodevelopmental disorders remain a significant complication. We tested whether the intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had therapeutic efficacy against perinatal brain injury in rats. METHODS: Pregnant rats at embryonic day (E) 18 received lipopolysaccharide and the pups were born at E21. On postnatal day (PND) 7, the left common carotid artery of each pup was ligated, and they were exposed to 8% oxygen for 2 h. They were randomized on PND10, and MSCs or vehicle were intravenously infused. We performed behavioral assessments, measured brain volume using MRI, and performed histological analyses on PND49. RESULTS: Infused MSCs showed functional improvements in our model. In vivo MRI revealed that MSC infusion increased non-ischemic brain volume compared to the vehicle group. Histological analyses showed that cortical thickness, the number of NeuN+ and GAD67+ cells, and synaptophysin density in the non-ischemic hemisphere in the MSC group were greater than the vehicle group, but less than the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Infused MSCs improve sensorimotor and cognitive functions in perinatal brain injury and enhance neuronal growth. IMPACT: Intravenous infusion of MSCs improved neurological function in rats with perinatal brain injury, including motor, sensorimotor, cognitive, spatial, and learning memory. Infused MSCs increased residual (non-ischemic) tissue volume, number of neuronal cells, GABAergic cells, and cortical synapses in the contralesional (right) hemisphere. Intravenous administration of MSC might be suitable for the treatment of perinatal brain injury.

DOI： 10.1038/s41390-023-02717-9

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Many reports have reported a reduction in respiratory infectious diseases and infectious gastroenteritis immediately after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, but data continuing into 2022 are very limited. We sought to understand the current situation of various infectious diseases among children in Japan as of July 2022 to improve public health in the post-COVID-19 era. METHODS: We collected data on children hospitalized with infectious diseases in 18 hospitals in Japan from July 2019 to June 2022. RESULTS: In total, 3417 patients were hospitalized during the study period. Respiratory syncytial virus decreased drastically after COVID-19 spread in early 2020, and few patients were hospitalized for it from April 2020 to March 2021. However, an unexpected out-of-season re-emergence of respiratory syncytial virus was observed in August 2021 (50 patients per week), particularly prominent among older children 3-6 years old. A large epidemic of delayed norovirus gastroenteritis was observed in April 2021, suggesting that the nonpharmaceutical interventions for COVID-19 are less effective against norovirus. However, influenza, human metapneumovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae , and rotavirus gastroenteritis were rarely seen for more than 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence patterns of various infectious diseases in Japan have changed markedly since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to the present. The epidemic pattern in the post-COVID-19 era is unpredictable and will require continued careful surveillance.

DOI： 10.1097/INF.0000000000003982

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) occasionally causes severe invasive infections. A 10-year-old immunocompetent boy in Hokkaido, the northern main island of Japan, was admitted with acute osteomyelitis of the right ilium, complicated by septic thrombophlebitis of the right common iliac vein and septic pulmonary embolism. As MRSA was isolated from blood and sputum samples of the patient, linezolid and vancomycin were initially used for treatment, and later clindamycin was added based on PCR-positive results for PVL genes. During his hospitalization, the patient was complicated by abscesses around the right ilium and septic arthritis of the right hip, which required surgical drainage. Prior to his admission, his youngest sister had developed a right breast abscess, and another sister and his mother developed contagious impetigo and hordeolum, respectively, during his hospitalization. These infections in the patient and his family members were caused by an identical PVL-positive MRSA strain belonging to ST6562, a single-locus variant of ST8. Due to the genetically close characteristics, this ST6562 MRSA was considered a genetic variant of the USA300 CA-MRSA clone (ST8-MRSA-IVa) predominating in the United States. The ST6562 MRSA-IVa is suggested to have occurred in Japan, associated with potential spread of the USA300 clone.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.05.006

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1007/s12185-023-03640-9

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(財)小児愛育協会  

医中誌

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(財)小児愛育協会  

医中誌

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1093/bjd/ljac009

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Parental participation in shared decision-making in children's cancer therapy is essential because parents advocate for and support their children's wishes. However, little research has focused on this issue. We conducted a longitudinal observational study of 7 parents whose child had received their first cancer treatment. We recorded parents' behaviors, interactions, and narratives in 1 pediatric ward and 2 outpatient clinics. The recordings were systematically conducted and thematically analyzed using variable-oriented and process-oriented modes to assess the causal relationships among phenomena. We found 4 themes describing the processes by which parents developed and participated in shared decision-making. The first 2 themes reflected the development of reciprocal parental relationships and parent-other child relationships. These 2 types of relationship generated mutual trust and a sense of solidarity among parents (the third theme). This, in turn, became the foundation for parents to share decision-making with health care professionals (the fourth theme).

DOI： 10.1177/00099228221150606

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担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We isolated the rare G3P[9] rotavirus strain RVA/Human-wt/JPN/R11-035/2015/G3P[9] from a 2-year-old girl presenting with vomiting and diarrhea who had daily contact with cats in Japan, 2015. Full-genome analysis revealed that the R11-035 strain had an AU-1-like genetic constellation, except for the NSP3 (T) gene: G3-P[9]-I3-R3-C3-M3-A3-N3-T1-E3-H6. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain R11-035 is closely related to human/feline-like human strains, and only the NSP3 (T1) gene was clustered together with Taiwanese porcine strains. We postulate that the R11-035 strain was directly transmitted from a cat to the patient and acquired its NSP3 gene through intergenotype reassortment with porcine strains before being transmitted to humans.

DOI： 10.1007/s00705-022-05685-3

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: The clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children have been changing because of the emergence and rapid spread of variants of concern (VOC). The increase in cases infected with VOC has brought concern with persistent symptoms after COVID-19 in children. This survey aimed to analyze the clinical manifestations and persistent symptoms of pediatric COVID-19 cases in Japan. METHODS: We analyzed the clinical manifestations of pediatric COVID-19 cases reported between February 2020 and April 2022 in Japan, using a dedicated database updated voluntarily by the members of the Japan Pediatric Society. Using the same database, we also analyzed persistent symptoms after COVID-19 in children who were diagnosed between February 2020 and November 2021. RESULTS: A total of 5411 and 1697 pediatric COVID-19 cases were included for analyzing clinical manifestations and persistent symptoms, respectively. During the Omicron variant predominant period, the percentage of patients with seizures increased to 13.4% and 7.4% in patient groups aged 1-4 and 5-11 years, respectively, compared with the pre-Delta (1.3%, 0.4%) or Delta period (3.1%, 0.0%). Persistent and present symptoms after 28 days of COVID-19 onset were reported in 55 (3.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Our survey showed that the rate of symptomatic pediatric COVID-19 cases increased gradually, especially during the Omicron variant predominant period, and a certain percentage of pediatric cases had persistent symptoms. Certain percentages of pediatric COVID-19 patients had severe complications or prolonged symptoms. Further studies are needed to follow such patients.

DOI： 10.1097/INF.0000000000003792

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：MDPI AG  

While the aetiology of asthma is unclear, the onset and/or exacerbation of asthma may be associated with respiratory infections. Virus-induced asthma is also known as virus-associated/triggered asthma, and the reported main causative agent is rhinovirus (RV). Understanding the relationship between viral infections and asthma may overcome the gaps in deferential immunity between viral infections and allergies. Moreover, understanding the complicated cytokine networks involved in RV infection may be necessary. Therefore, the complexity of RV-induced asthma is not only owing to the response of airway and immune cells against viral infection, but also to allergic immune responses caused by the wide variety of cytokines produced by these cells. To better understand RV-induced asthma, it is necessary to elucidate the nature RV infections and the corresponding host defence mechanisms. In this review, we attempt to organise the complexity of RV-induced asthma to make it easily understandable for readers.

DOI： 10.3390/v14122616

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Molecular interactions between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) fusion protein (F protein) and the cellular receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2) protein complex are unknown. Thus, to reveal the detailed molecular interactions between them, in silico analyses were performed using various bioinformatics techniques. The present simulation data showed that the neutralizing antibody (NT-Ab) binding sites in both prefusion and postfusion proteins at sites II and IV were involved in the interactions between them and the TLR4 molecule. Moreover, the binding affinity between postfusion proteins and the TLR4/MD-2 complex was higher than that between prefusion proteins and the TLR4/MD-2 complex. This increased binding affinity due to conformational changes in the F protein may be able to form syncytium in RSV-infected cells. These results may contribute to better understand the infectivity and pathogenicity (syncytium formation) of RSV.

DOI： 10.3390/v14112382

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

The human parainfluenza viruses are common causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infection; however, nonrespiratory infections with human parainfluenza viruses are rare, and there are no reports of pediatric cases of liver enzyme elevation. We present 2 pediatric patients who developed liver enzyme elevation related to human parainfluenza virus type 3 infection.

DOI： 10.1097/INF.0000000000003617

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: An X-linked ZC4H2 variant is associated with a variety of phenotypes that have abnormalities related to external malformation and neurodevelopment. There have been no reports on severe respiratory dysfunction resulting in surgical treatments not being possible due to the deformity resulting from in this disease. Here we report a female with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with a severe respiratory complication. CASE: A two-year-old girl had arthrogryposis multiplex congenita at delivery and subsequently had hypotonia and feeding difficulty. A novel ZC4H2 frameshift variant was identified by whole-exome sequencing in her genome. At eight months, she had recurrent aspiration pneumonia. A tracheostomy and gastrostomy were required; however, surgical intervention was not possible because of her short neck and complicated airway. CONCLUSION: We compared this case with previous reports. The truncation group had more described phenotypes than the non-truncation group. The patient had the most severe respiratory dysfunction in truncating variant.

DOI： 10.1016/j.braindev.2022.04.009

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DNA gyrase plays important roles in genome replication in various bacteria, including Pseudomonasaeruginosa. The gyrA gene encodes the gyrase subunit A protein (GyrA). Mutations in GyrA are associated with resistance to quinolone-based antibiotics. We performed a detailed molecular evolutionary analyses of the gyrA gene and associated resistance to the quinolone drug, ciprofloxacin, using bioinformatics techniques. We produced an evolutionary phylogenetic tree using the Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. This tree indicated that a common ancestor of the gene was present over 760 years ago, and the offspring formed multiple clusters. Quinolone drug-resistance-associated amino-acid substitutions in GyrA, including T83I and D87N, emerged after the drug was used clinically. These substitutions appeared to be positive selection sites. The molecular affinity between ciprofloxacin and the GyrA protein containing T83I and/or D87N decreased significantly compared to that between the drug and GyrA protein, with no substitutions. The rate of evolution of the gene before quinolone drugs were first used in the clinic, in 1962, was significantly lower than that after the drug was used. These results suggest that the gyrA gene evolved to permit the bacterium to overcome quinolone treatment.

DOI： 10.3390/microorganisms10081660

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担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Noroviruses (NoVs) are major causes of acute viral gastroenteritis at all ages worldwide. The molecular epidemiology of sporadic cases remains poorly understood, especially in adults. Additionally, no studies have analyzed the transmission route in sporadic acute gastroenteritis. In this study, we investigated cases of very mild sporadic NoV acute gastroenteritis in adults (medical staff) who do not visit the outpatient clinic and child outpatients. We also evaluated genotype differences between adults and children and possible transmission routes in adults during 5 years. The number of NoV positives were 58 in adults and 124 in children. In adults, the NoV positivity rate in this study was higher (64.4%) than that in previous reports of outpatients (10%) and inpatients (5%) in the United State. This finding suggested that the NoV positivity rate might be high in adults with very mild acute gastroenteritis. In adults, human-to-human transmission rates from children and food-borne transmission (raw oysters) were 21.6% (11/51) and 19.6% (10/51), respectively. Among adults, GII.2, GII.4, and GII.17 were the predominant genotypes, with rates of 32.7%, 30.9%, and 21.8%, respectively. Among children, GII.4 and GII.2 were the predominant genotypes, with rates of 45.5% and 40.6%, respectively. GII.17 was only detected in 0.8% (1/123) of children. Trends in NoV genotypes are expected to differ depending on the patient's age. Investigating sporadic cases including the patient's background (age and transmission route) may be helpful to monitor the trend of NoV strains, forecast prevalent NoV GII genotypes, and develop NoV vaccines.

DOI： 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105348

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) frequently causes inflammatory lung injury as its symptoms progress. While dexamethasone reportedly reduces inflammation and prevents progression to respiratory failure, the appropriate time to administer dexamethasone in patients with COVID-19 remains unclear. METHODS: This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study, where we consecutively enrolled patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who received oxygen and oral dexamethasone (n = 85). We assessed the association between the number of days to the initiation of dexamethasone and the cumulative rate of exacerbation defined as death or initiation of mechanical ventilation within 28 days of symptom onset. RESULTS: The optimal cut-off value from the initiation of oxygen supplementation to that of dexamethasone administration was two days (sensitivity, 85%; specificity, 59%), whereas that from oxygen saturation (SpO2) < 95% to the initiation of dexamethasone administration was five days (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 59%). adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, Charlson comorbidity index score, time of oxygen supplementation (two or more days), and SpO2 < 95% (five or more days), Cox regression analysis results showed that delayed dexamethasone administration since the initiation of oxygen supplementation was significantly associated with a higher risk of death or greater need for mechanical ventilation (hazard ratio: 5.51, 95% confidence interval, 1.79-16.91). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia, early administration of dexamethasone, preferably less than two days from initiation of oxygen supplementation, may be required to improve clinical outcomes.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2022.03.007

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Background: Allergen-specific immunotherapy is currently the only disease-modifying treatment for allergic asthma, and it has been shown to improve control of asthma while reducing both drug use and asthma exacerbations. However, its effects on lung function—especially its long-term effects—remain controversial. We aimed to identify factors associated with a possible beneficial effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy on lung function in asthma by retrospectively evaluating the long-term changes in lung function in children with asthma who received house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (HDM-SCIT). Methods: We enrolled children with asthma who had undergone HDM-SCIT for more than 1 year. Clinical information and lung function measurements were retrieved from the electronic chart system. To characterize the trajectory of lung function change, we performed linear regression analysis to evaluate the maximal expiratory flow at 50% of the forced vital capacity during two periods: before and during HDM-SCIT. Slopes from a least-squares regression line for the two periods, i.e., S1 before HDM-SCIT and S2 during HDM-SCIT, were compared. The subjects were then classified into two groups: an improving group (Group I) defined as S2 − S1 > 0, and a declining group (Group D) defined as S2 − S1 < 0. The clinical factors at the start of HDM-SCIT were compared between the two groups. Results: A total of 16 patients were analyzed. Eight patients were classified into each of Group I and Group D. The mean ages were 10.5 and 11.8 years, and the mean treatment periods were 4.1 and 3.9 years. Group I had a significantly lower blood eosinophil count and a significantly higher HDM-specific IgE level than Group D. Logistic regression showed a strong relationship between those two markers and the lung function trajectory. Conclusion: Control of the blood eosinophil count in highly HDM-sensitized patients may increase the beneficial effect of HDM-SCIT on lung function.

DOI： 10.3390/children9040487

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(財)小児愛育協会  

医中誌

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/ped.15352

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare metabolic disorder that is mainly present in the first 6 months of life and necessitates insulin treatment. Sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy has been widely used in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, but its use in patients with NDM is limited. We report three patients with NDM who received SAP therapy using the MiniMed™ 640G system starting in the neonatal period. Two patients were treated for 3 months, and one patient continued treatment up to an age of 22 mo. The MiniMed 640G system can automatically suspend insulin delivery (SmartGuard™ Technology) to avoid hypoglycemia when the sensor glucose level is predicted to approach the predefined threshold. We suggest that SmartGuard Technology is particularly useful for infants in whom hypoglycemia cannot be identified. The MiniMed 640G system automatically records the trends of sensor glucose levels and the total daily dose of insulin, which can make the management more accurate and reduce the family's effort. SAP therapy for patients with NDM automatically prevents severe hypoglycemia and is useful for long-term management; however, attention should be paid to its application.

DOI： 10.1297/cpe.2022-0005

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We performed evolution, phylodynamics, and reinfection-related antigenicity analyses of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup A (RSV-A) fusion (F) gene in globally collected strains (1465 strains) using authentic bioinformatics methods. The time-scaled evolutionary tree using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method estimated that a common ancestor of the RSV-A, RSV-B, and bovine-RSV diverged at around 450 years ago, and RSV-A and RSV-B diverged around 250 years ago. Finally, the RSV-A F gene formed eight genotypes (GA1-GA7 and NA1) over the last 80 years. Phylodynamics of RSV-A F gene, including all genotype strains, increased twice in the 1990s and 2010s, while patterns of each RSV-A genotype were different. Phylogenetic distance analysis suggested that the genetic distances of the strains were relatively short (less than 0.05). No positive selection sites were estimated, while many negative selection sites were found. Moreover, the F protein 3D structure mapping and conformational epitope analysis implied that the conformational epitopes did not correspond to the neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein. These results suggested that the RSV-A F gene is relatively conserved, and mismatches between conformational epitopes and neutralizing antibody binding sites of the F protein are responsible for the virus reinfection.

DOI： 10.3390/v13122525

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012130

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Wiley  

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people of all ages. Most reports on pediatric cases suggest that children experience fewer and milder symptoms than do adults. This is the first nationwide study in Japan focusing on pediatric cases reported by pediatricians, including cases with no or mild symptoms. METHODS: We analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and transmission patterns of 840 pediatric (<16 years old) COVID-19 cases reported between February and December 2020 in Japan, using a dedicated database which was maintained voluntarily by members of the Japan Pediatric Society. RESULTS: Almost half of the patients (47.7%) were asymptomatic, while most of the others presented mild symptoms. At the time of admission or first outpatient clinic visit, 84.0% of the cases were afebrile (<37.5°C). In total, 609 cases (72.5%) were exposed to COVID-19-positive household members. We analyzed the influence of nationwide school closures that were introduced in March 2020 on COVID-19 transmission routes among children in Japan. Transmission within households occurred most frequently, with no significant difference between the periods before and after declaring nationwide school closures (70.9% and 74.5%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: COVID-19 symptoms in children are less severe than those in adults. School closure appeared to have a limited effect on transmission. Controlling household transmission from adult family members is the most important measure for prevention of COVID-19 among children.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.14912

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: The survival rate of children with cancer has increased substantially in recent years. Shared decision making (i.e., the ability of children with cancer to express their will and share it with medical personnel) has become a particularly important issue. The nature and developmental processes of children's decision making in hospital should be understood. There is, however, a lack of research in this area. METHODS: From January 2016 to March 2018, we conducted a longitudinal qualitative observational study, within the context of medical anthropology, in a hospital pediatric ward in Japan. We investigated the nature and development of decision making among seven children aged 5-12 years with hematologic cancers. We recorded their everyday behaviors, interactions, narratives, and events in the ward. The recording was conducted systematically and thematically analyzed using both variable-oriented and process-oriented modes to assess causal relationships between the phenomena. RESULTS: The thematic analysis identified three thematic scenes in which children developed their will regarding cancer treatment: (1) adjusting to hospital life, (2) forming friendships with other children, and (3) communicating with medical personnel. Sharing information, building trusting relationships, and sharing treatment goals with medical personnel were identified as forms of children's participation in medical decision making. Through cultivated friendships, children's peer groups were sources of resilience and strength in overcoming difficulties in hospital life. CONCLUSIONS: The development of children's decision making in a pediatric oncology ward was based on various rich human relationships. Such relationships should be promoted to substantially improve shared decision making.

DOI： 10.1111/ped.14700

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.11.043

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記述言語：英語  

In Japan, there is a proverb that the common cold is associated with all diseases [...].

DOI： 10.3390/microorganisms8122041

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

BACKGROUND: Because of the overabundance of vaccination information on the internet, in the media, and on social media, providing clear and correct information on immunization is critical for parental decision-making. In 2018, the Japan Pediatric Society created and distributed a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) to provide appropriate immunization information to caregivers. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effect of the VIS on immunization rates, adherence to schedule, and parental understanding of immunization in Japan. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 18 centers in 2 prefectures in Japan. Caregivers were assigned to an intervention group, which received the VIS and a questionnaire when their child reached the age of 1 month, and a control group, which received only the questionnaire. Using the self-reported questionnaires, we evaluated vaccination rates and schedule adherence at age 2 months, and parental knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding immunization. Three months later, the questionnaires were returned, and the findings were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: We contacted 422 and 428 persons in the intervention and control groups, respectively, and 111/422 (26.3%) and 119/428 (27.8%) returned the surveys. Vaccination rates and adherence rates for the first dose of 4 recommended vaccines did not differ significantly (P > 0.25); however, there were some positive effects on items related to vaccine knowledge (P = 0.03), perceived benefits (P = 0.02), perceived barriers (P < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The VIS improved parent comprehension of infant immunization. Future studies should examine if the effects of such an intervention persist and affect vaccine uptake throughout childhood.

DOI： 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.10.049

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Favipiravir was initially developed as an antiviral drug against influenza and is currently used in clinical trials against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19). This agent is presumably involved in RNA chain termination during influenza virus replication, although the molecular interactions underlying its potential impact on the coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) remain unclear. We performed in silico studies to elucidate detailed molecular interactions between favipiravir and the SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRp). As a result, no interactions between favipiravir ribofuranosyl-5'-triphosphate (F-RTP), the active form of favipiravir, and the active sites of RdRps (PB1 proteins) from influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus were found, yet the agent bound to the tunnel of the replication genome of PB1 protein leading to the inhibition of replicated RNA passage. In contrast, F-RTP bound to the active sites of coronavirus RdRp in the presence of the agent and RdRp. Further, the agent bound to the replicated RNA terminus in the presence of agent, magnesium ions, nucleotide triphosphate, and RdRp proteins. These results suggest that favipiravir exhibits distinct mechanisms of action against influenza virus and various coronaviruses.

DOI： 10.3390/microorganisms8101610

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本小児リウマチ学会  

その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2019&ichushi_jid=J06126&link_issn=&doc_id=20191226390007&doc_link_id=%2Ffc5riuma%2F2019%2F001001%2F007%2F0038-0043%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Ffc5riuma%2F2019%2F001001%2F007%2F0038-0043%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

医中誌

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Elsevier B.V.  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jiac.2018.05.002

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa (CPAN) is characterized by a necrotizing vasculitis of small and medium-sized arteries in the skin, which can be associated with fever, arthralgia, myalgia, and neuropathy, but, unlike polyarteritis nodosa (PAN), there is no visceral involvement. CPAN is rare in childhood. We report two siblings who developed CPAN during childhood. Interestingly, both had Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) mutation, i.e. heterozygous E148Q. They also shared HLA-A24, -DR15 alleles. Simultaneous occurrence of MEFV mutation and HLA alleles with CPAN has never been reported in Japan. These cases could provide some hereditary clue for the development of CPAN.

DOI： 10.1080/14397595.2016.1189139

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Jeff Corporation Co. Ltd  

DOI： 10.1297/cpe.27.9

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Sapporo Medical University  

DOI： 10.15114/smj.86.1

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/ped.13157

PubMed

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.meegid.2016.08.015

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Jeff Corporation Co. Ltd  

DOI： 10.1297/cpe.24.185

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/ped.12587

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(財)小児愛育協会  

その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2014&ichushi_jid=J01547&link_issn=&doc_id=20150626050004&doc_link_id=%2Fda3risyo%2F2014%2F006201%2F004%2F0032-0034%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fda3risyo%2F2014%2F006201%2F004%2F0032-0034%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/jmv.23930

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1111/1348-0421.12182

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1177/0883073813485132

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(一社)日本小児リウマチ学会  

その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2014&ichushi_jid=J06126&link_issn=&doc_id=20140811370010&doc_link_id=%2Ffc5riuma%2F2014%2F000501%2F011%2F0052-0056%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Ffc5riuma%2F2014%2F000501%2F011%2F0052-0056%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1128/JVI.00041-14

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/jmv.23723

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1002/jmv.23247

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jcv.2009.06.014

PubMed

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1097/01.int.0000141741.36367.86

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)総合医学社  

その他リンク： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2004&ichushi_jid=J00643&link_issn=&doc_id=20040528220021&doc_link_id=%2Fag1snrsd%2F2004%2F005706%2F024%2F1194-1198%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag1snrsd%2F2004%2F005706%2F024%2F1194-1198%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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DOI： 10.1080/00365540410020839

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2022&ichushi_jid=J00648&link_issn=&doc_id=20220217100021&doc_link_id=%2Faq9syond%2F2022%2F005401%2F021%2F0121-0124%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Faq9syond%2F2022%2F005401%2F021%2F0121-0124%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)メディカルレビュー社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2021&ichushi_jid=J01750&link_issn=&doc_id=20210819120010&doc_link_id=%2Fai1phmdl%2F2021%2F003908%2F009%2F0047-0050%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fai1phmdl%2F2021%2F003908%2F009%2F0047-0050%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)へるす出版  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)診断と治療社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2020&ichushi_jid=J00642&link_issn=&doc_id=20201016190032&doc_link_id=%2Fae4shond%2F2020%2F008311%2F033%2F1619-1624%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fae4shond%2F2020%2F008311%2F033%2F1619-1624%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)近代出版  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)診断と治療社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2019&ichushi_jid=J00642&link_issn=&doc_id=20190816120014&doc_link_id=%2Fae4shond%2F2019%2F008209%2F015%2F1191-1196%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fae4shond%2F2019%2F008209%2F015%2F1191-1196%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)北隆館  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：札幌医科大学  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2017&ichushi_jid=J00522&link_issn=&doc_id=20180419600001&doc_link_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsapmed.repo.nii.ac.jp%2Frecords%2F14146&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsapmed.repo.nii.ac.jp%2Frecords%2F14146&type=%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%8C%BB%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%AD%E5%B9%8C%E5%8C%BB%E7%A7%91%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6%E8%A1%93%E6%A9%9F%E9%96%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%9D%E3%82%B8%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA_ikor&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F80183_3.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本臨床ウイルス学会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本医事新報社  

その他リンク:： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2017009454

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児保健協会  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医学書院  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2016&ichushi_jid=J01541&link_issn=&doc_id=20161004090015&doc_link_id=10.11477%2Fmf.1542200962&url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.11477%2Fmf.1542200962&type=%E5%8C%BB%E6%9B%B8.jp_%E3%82%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%82%B9&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00024_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医薬ジャーナル社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)総合医学社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2016&ichushi_jid=J00643&link_issn=&doc_id=20160502090021&doc_link_id=%2Fag1snrsd%2F2016%2F006905%2F023%2F0932-0939%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag1snrsd%2F2016%2F006905%2F023%2F0932-0939%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)総合医学社  

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その他リンク:： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016172425

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本小児医事出版社  

その他リンク:： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016073388

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その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2015&ichushi_jid=J00516&link_issn=&doc_id=20151202050005&doc_link_id=issn%3D0370-8241%26volume%3D70%26issue%3D11%26spage%3D2266&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pieronline.jp%2Fopenurl%3Fissn%3D0370-8241%26volume%3D70%26issue%3D11%26spage%3D2266&type=PierOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00005_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：診断と治療社  

その他リンク:： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2015379798

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その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2015&ichushi_jid=J01465&link_issn=&doc_id=20150611150006&doc_link_id=%2Fan1yakgl%2F2015%2F005706%2F010%2F0867-0871%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fan1yakgl%2F2015%2F005706%2F010%2F0867-0871%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)東京医学社  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)総合医学社  

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その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/index.php?module=Default&action=Link&pub_year=2013&ichushi_jid=J00643&link_issn=&doc_id=20130221140026&doc_link_id=%2Fag1snrsd%2F2013%2F006603%2F028%2F0534-0539%26dl%3D0&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag1snrsd%2F2013%2F006603%2F028%2F0534-0539%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)医薬ジャーナル社  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：医学書院  

その他リンク:： http://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2013045772

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)総合医学社  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2012&ichushi_jid=J00643&link_issn=&doc_id=20120227190020&doc_link_id=%2Fag1snrsd%2F2012%2F006503%2F023%2F0492-0499%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fag1snrsd%2F2012%2F006503%2F023%2F0492-0499%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：市立室蘭総合病院  

その他リンク:： https://search.jamas.or.jp/default/link?pub_year=2011&ichushi_jid=J00552&link_issn=&doc_id=20120110370004&doc_link_id=%2Fer8muran%2F2011%2F003601%2F005%2F0019-0035%26dl%3D0&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medicalonline.jp%2Fjamas.php%3FGoodsID%3D%2Fer8muran%2F2011%2F003601%2F005%2F0019-0035%26dl%3D0&type=MedicalOnline&icon=https%3A%2F%2Fjk04.jamas.or.jp%2Ficon%2F00004_2.gif

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：岩見沢市立総合病院  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(株)北隆館  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：(公社)日本小児科学会  

医中誌

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：市立室蘭総合病院  

医中誌

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