研究者詳細 - 井平　光

論文 - 井平　光

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Physical activity changes in the winter in older persons living in northern Japan: a prospective study

Atsushi Mizumoto, Hikaru Ihira, Keitaro Makino, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Taketo Furuna

BMC GERIATRICS ( BIOMED CENTRAL LTD ) 15 43 - 43 2015年04月 [査読有り] [国際誌]

Background: Physical activity affects physical and mental health, prevents disease, and improves quality of life. However, physical activity also decreases with age in older persons, and is affected by adverse climatic periods. This study examined changes in physical activity during the winter season in older persons (>= 75 years of age) who were living in northern Japan, and evaluated the factors that were associated with this decline. Methods: A total of 201 older persons (83 men and 118 women; mean age, 79.7 +/- 3.8 years) participated in two separate tests that were conducted in November 2012 and February 2013. Physical activity was monitored using the Kenz Lifecorder, and mean step counts and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) times were calculated over a 1-week period. We also measured body mass index, handgrip strength, normal walking speed, functional capacity, exercise habits, snow-shovelling habits, a change in frequency (between early winter and midwinter) of outdoor excursions, the length of outdoor excursions, social support, and morbidity. Results: In the group that maintained their frequency of outdoor excursions, step counts significantly increased during midwinter compared with early winter (p < 0.01). In the group with a lower frequency of outdoor excursions, MVPA was significantly decreased during midwinter compared with early winter (p < 0.05). After adjusting for other variables, logistic regression analysis showed that weakness (odds ratio [OR]: 2.89, p < 0.05) was independently associated with a decline in step counts. Age (OR: 1.12, p < 0.05) and a change in frequency of outdoor excursions (OR: 0.75, p < 0.01) were independently associated with a decline in MVPA. Conclusions: Older persons should be supported in their attempts to go outdoors during midwinter. They should be provided with intervention programs to increase their physical activity at home.

DOI PubMed

Physical Activity during Winter in Old-Old Women Associated with Physical Performance after One Year: A Prospective Study.

Atsushi Mizumoto, Hikaru Ihira, Keitaro Makino, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Taketo Furuna

Current gerontology and geriatrics research 2015 253451 - 253451 2015年 [査読有り] [国際誌]

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the decline of physical activity during winter influences physical performances (after 1 year) in old-old women. Methods. Fifty-three Japanese women (mean age: 78.4 ± 3.2 years) participated in this study. Data of physical activity was collected by using an accelerometer at baseline and 3-month follow-up, and participants who decreased step counts in this period were defined as declining groups. We measured grip strength, knee extensor strength, total length of the center of gravity, hip walking distance, and maximum walking speed to evaluate physical performances at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Repeated-measures analysis of variance determined the difference in physical performance between declining groups and maintenance group with maintained or improved step counts. Results. Daily step counts for 22 older women (41.5%) decreased during winter. A statistically significant interaction effect between group and time was found for maximum walking speed (F(1,50) = 5.23, p = 0.03). Post hoc comparisons revealed that walking speed in the maintenance group significantly increased compared with baseline (p = 0.01); the declining group showed no significant change (p = 0.44). Conclusion. Change of physical activity during winter influences the physical performance level after 1 year in community-dwelling old-old women, particularly its effect on maximum walking speed.

DOI PubMed

Association between hip walking and physical fitness in the elderly in a community setting

Atsushi Mizumoto, Hikaru Ihira, Hyuma Makizako, Keisuke Yasuda, Keitaro Makino, Mika Ohguni, Taketo Furuna

ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCE ( ANTHROPOLOGICAL SOC NIPPON ) 122 ( 1 ) 1 - 6 2014年04月 [査読有り]

This study examined the use of the hip walking (HW) distance test as a physical performance parameter, and investigated the association between HW distance and strength, balance, and gait speed in the elderly. The study involved 106 community-dwelling elderly individuals (mean age 75.4 years). Participants performed the following physical performance tests: the HW distance test, the functional reach test (FRT), and tests for knee extensor strength, trunk extensor, and flexor strength, and 5 m maximum gait speed. For the HW distance test, participants were asked to move forward as fast as possible from the starting position with legs stretched out forwards and arms folded across the chest. Trunk rotation with lifting of the ischium was permitted during HW. The distances between right lateral malleoli was measured for HW distances of 10 seconds. To assess the test-retest reliability of HW, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated from two trials. Pearson's correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to examine the association between HW and physical performance using adjusted variables such as age, sex, and body mass index. ICC (1.1) for the test -retest reliability of HW was 0.95. HW was significantly associated with all physical performance tests according to Pearson's correlation analysis (trunk flexor strength, r = 0.31; trunk extensor strength, r = 0.31; knee extensor strength, r = 0.29; FRT, r = 0.29; gait speed, r = 0.45). In linear regression analyses, HW distance scores were found to be significant determinants of each physical performance parameter. HW influenced physical performance by affecting muscle strength, balance, and gait ability. HW can be easily and safely performed on a floor or platform without the risk of falling. These results indicate that HW is a safe, simple, and reliable method for the assessment of physical performance in the elderly.

DOI

Physical Functions, Health-Related Outcomes, Nutritional Status, and Blood Markers in Community-Dwelling Cancer Survivors Aged 75 Years and Older

Hikaru Ihira, Atsushi Mizumoto, Keitarou Makino, Keisuke Yasuda, Yoko Miyabe, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Taketo Furuna

ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION ( ASIAN PACIFIC ORGANIZATION CANCER PREVENTION ) 15 ( 7 ) 3305 - 3310 2014年 [査読有り] [国際誌]

Background: A cancer survivor is defined as anyone who has been diagnosed with cancer, from the time of diagnosis through the rest of their life. The purpose of this study was to examine whether physical functions, health-related outcomes, nutritional status and blood markers in community-dwelling cancer survivors aged 75 years and older are different from those who do not have cancer Materials and Methods: Two hundred seventy-five participants were asked by physicians, nurses, and physical therapists, questions regarding cancer history in a face-to-face interview. Data were collected for demographic information, physical functions, such as handgrip strength, knee extension power, abdominal muscle strength, static standing balance, walking speed and the timed-up-and-go test, health-related outcomes, nutritional status, and blood markers. The measured parameters of survivor diagnosed with cancer were compared with those without a history of cancer. Results: Thirty-seven older adults were previously diagnosed with cancer. Female cancer survivors had lower knee extension power (p<0.05), abdominal muscle strength (p<0.05), walking speed (p<0.05), timed-up-and-go test score (p<0.05), and time to spend on walking per day (p<0.05) than older women without a history of cancer. In men, none of the measured parameters were significantly different between cancer survivors and older men with no history of cancer. Conclusions: The present study shows that partial physical function of women cancer survivors aged 75 years and older differs from that in women with no history of cancer.

DOI PubMed

Age-related Differences in the Influence of Cognitive Task Performance on Postural Control Under Unstable Balance Conditions

Hyuma Makizako, Taketo Furuna, Hikaru Ihira, Hiroyuki Shimada

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGY ( ELSEVIER TAIWAN ) 7 ( 4 ) 199 - 204 2013年12月 [査読有り]

Background: Poor multitask performance is commonly used as an indicator of age-related changes in attentional capacity. An inability to allocate sufficient attention to postural control under multitask conditions is thought to be a contributing factor to the risk of falling in older adults. This study examined age-related differences in the influence of cognitive task performance on postural sway and muscle activity on unstable balance conditions. Methods: Thirty healthy younger adults (22.2 +/- 1.5 years of age, 15 men and 15 women) and 27 healthy older adults (713 +/- 3.4 years of age, 13 men and 14 women) participated in the study. Participants performed a reaction time task under three conditions during standing on a compliant foam surface: holding a glass full of sand (control task), holding a glass of water (dual-manual task), and performing a control task while simultaneously performing a verbal fluency task (dual-cognitive task). Results: Both younger and older adults had a longer reaction time for the dual-cognitive task compared to the other two tasks (p < 0.01). Older participants exhibited decreased lower limb muscle activity and increased anterior-posterior trunk acceleration during the dual-cognitive task, while these effects were not observed in younger adults. Conclusion: Increasing attentional demand by implementing a cognitive task concomitant with a balance task had a greater influence on postural control in older compared to younger adults. Copyright (C) 2013, Taiwan Society of Geriatric Emergency 82 Critical Care Medicine. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.

DOI

これからの筋力トレーニングのあり方高齢者に対する筋力トレーニングのあり方

井平光, 古名丈人

理学療法(東京) 30 ( 9 ) 1010 - 1016 2013年09月

J-GLOBAL

Associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and physical performance in old-old people living in a northern area of Japan

Mizumoto A, Ihira H, Yasuda K, Makino K, Miyabe Y, Saitoh S, Ohnishi H, Suzuki T, Furuna T

Journal of Gerontology & Geriatric Research 2 ( 4 ) 135 2013年 [査読有り]

H. Makizako, F. Kaneko, N. Aoki, H. Ihira

International Journal of Sport and Health Science ( Japan Society of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences ) 11 33 - 38 2013年 [査読有り]

The present study sought to examine age-related differences in reaction time responses under simple- and dual-task conditions in active middle-aged males. Fifty healthy males aged 42 to 64 years who took part in public marathon events in 2010 or 2011, and who had participated in ski marathon events for more than 2 years were assessed, and whole body reaction times (WBRTs) were measured by under simple-task and dual-task conditions. In the dual-task condition, participants performed WBRTs measurements while they counted backwards aloud to 1, starting from 100. Although reaction times in the simple-task condition were not associated with age (r=0.21, p=0.14), a significant positive correlation was found between age and reaction times in a dual-task task condition involving concurrent cognitive tasks (r=0.45, p<0.01). One-way analysis of variance revealed that older subjects (60 years and older) responded more slowly than two younger groups (aged <50 and 50-59 years) in dual-task conditions (F=7.87, p<0.01). However these age-related differences were not found in simple-task reaction times (F=1.74, p=0.19). The present findings suggest that attentional capacity assessed by reaction time in dual-task conditions declined with age in active middle-aged males.

DOI CiNii

Differences between Proximal and Distal Muscle Activity of the Lower Limbs of Community-dwelling Women during the 6-minute Walk Test

Hikaru Ihira, Hiroyuki Shimada, Megumi Suzukawa, Taketo Furuna, Kiyoji Matsuyama, Sumio Ishiai

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ( SOC PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ) 24 ( 2 ) 205 - 209 2012年03月 [査読有り]

[Purpose] This study examined the change in the muscle activities of the lower limbs during the 6-minute walk test to identify the relationship between the change in muscle activity and physical performance of community-dwelling elderly women. [Methods] Twenty-three elderly women (mean age: 77.9 years) were recruited from the community to participate. Their muscle activities were recorded using surface electromyography of the gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, vastus medialis, hamstrings, and gluteus medius, and muscle strength, mobility, balance and 6-minute walking distance were also measured. [Results] The decrease of electromyography activity during the 6-minute walk test was significantly greater in the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior than in the other muscles. The decrease of electromyography activity in the gastrocnemius was correlated with the timed up-and-go time (r=-0.435) and that of the tibialis anterior was correlated with the timed up-and-go time (r=-0.530) and walking distance (r= 0.482). [Conclusions] The electromyogram activities of the gastrocnemius and the tibialis anterior showed deterioration during the 6-minute walk test, and they were correlated with gait performance. These results suggest that muscle activity of the distal muscles plays an important role in the walking ability of elderly women.

DOI

ステップエルゴメーターのアイソキネティック運動におけるピークパワーと筋活動特性との関連 -表面筋電図周波数分析による検討-

水本淳, 島田裕之, 井平光, 野村知広, 古名丈人, 鈴川芽久美

理学療法科学 ( The Society of Physical Therapy Science ) 27 ( 4 ) 411 - 415 2012年 [査読有り]

〔目的〕Biostepのアイソキネティック運動時の筋パワーと筋活動特性との関連を調べ，速度条件による活動特性の違いを検討した．〔対象と方法〕高齢女性12名に対し60 steps / minと90 steps / min駆動時の筋パワーと表面筋電図を測定した．筋電図はウェーブレット変換を行った後，MPF，LF/TP，HF/TPを算出した．各変数の相関分析と，条件比較のためwilcoxon検定を行った．〔結果〕60 stepの筋パワーと前脛骨筋のLF/TPの間に有意な正の相関を認めた．内側広筋，前脛骨筋のMPF，HF/TPが90 stepで有意に高かった．〔結語〕90 stepの運動において速筋線維の活動が増加することが推察され，加齢による速筋線維の萎縮に対して高速運動が有効であると考えられた．

DOI CiNii J-GLOBAL

後期高齢者における新規要介護認定の発生と5m歩行時間との関連 : 39ヵ月間の縦断研究

牧迫飛雄馬, 古名丈人, 島田裕之, 赤沼智美, 吉田裕人, 井平光, 横山香理, 鈴木隆雄

理学療法学 ( 公益社団法人日本理学療法士協会 ) 38 ( 1 ) 27 - 33 2011年02月 [査読有り]

【目的】75歳以上の高齢者における新規要介護認定の発生に対する歩行能力の影響を明らかにすることを目的とした。【方法】要介護認定を受けていない75歳以上の地域在住高齢者190名を対象とした。ベースライン調査として5m歩行時間(通常速度)を測定し,以降39ヵ月間の要介護認定発生状況との関連を調べた。【結果】39ヵ月間で34名(17.9%)が新規に要介護認定を受けた。5m歩行時間を男女別に4分位で速い群から遅い群のI〜IV群に分類し,要介護発生率曲線の差をLog-rank検定にて検討した結果,5m歩行時間が遅いIV群(男性5.2秒以上,女性5.8秒以上)では,それ以上に速い歩行速度を有する群(I〜III群)と比べて有意に高い要介護認定発生率を認めた(p<0.01)。Cox回帰分析の結果,新規要介護の発生と有意な関連を認めた変数は,BMIと5m歩行時間(秒)であり,5m歩行時間のハザード比は1.65(p<0.01)であった。【考察と結論】地域在住後期高齢者の歩行速度は,将来の要介護認定発生に影響を与える要因のひとつであることが確認された。

CiNii J-GLOBAL

Usual Walking Speed Predicts Decline of Functional Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Japanese Women: a 4-year Longitudinal Study

Hyuma Makizako, Taketo Furuna, Hiroto Yoshida, Hiroyuki Shimada, Katsunori Satoh, Tomomi Akanuma, Hikaru Ihira, Takao Suzuki

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ( SOC PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ) 22 ( 4 ) 405 - 412 2010年11月 [査読有り]

[Purpose] In this study, we examined the physical predictors of the decline of functional capacity among community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. [Methods] A total of 265 Japanese individuals aged 68-96 years participated in a baseline survey and a follow-up 4 years later. In this survey, participants performed tests for grip strength, one-legged standing, and 5-m walking. At baseline and the follow-up survey, we measured functional capacity using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC), which consists of the instrumental self-maintenance scale, the intellectual activity scale, and the social role scale. [Results] There was only a weak association between physical performance and the decline of functional status in men. The 5-m walking time was most sensitive at predicting the future decline of the instrumental self-maintenance scale in women. Even after controlling for age, body mass index, grip strength, and one-legged standing, a slower 5-m walking time (greater than 4.6 sec) indicated an increased risk of future decline in instrumental self-maintenance in women (odds ratio = 5.31, p<0.01). [Conclusions] The usual walking speed is the best performance measure for predicting the decline of instrumental self-maintenance among Japanese older women.

DOI

Association between a history of falls and the ability to multi-task in community-dwelling older people

Hyuma Makizako, Taketo Furuna, Hiroyuki Shimada, Hikaru Ihira, Mika Kimura, Eiichi Uchiyama, Lars I. E. Oddsson

AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ( SPRINGER ) 22 ( 5-6 ) 427 - 432 2010年10月 [査読有り]

Background and aims: Many older people fall when they perform tasks which require increased attention. The aim of this study was to determine differences in reaction times, during simple-, dual- and triple-task conditions requiring differing levels of motor coordination, balance control and cognitive attention, between groups of fallers and non-fallers in community-dwelling older individuals. Methods: The study involved the recruitment of 87 older individuals living at home, 57 women and 30 men aged 75 to 91 years. Reaction times, measured by pushing a handheld button as quickly as possible in response to a visual stimulus, were measured in four conditions: 1) quiet standing (simple-task); 2) counting backward during quiet standing (dual-task with cognitive demand); 3) stepping in place (dual-task with balance demand); and 4) counting backward while stepping in place (triple-task with cognitive and balance demands). Results: Twenty-nine (33.3%) participants had fallen at least once during the past year. There were no statistically significant differences in reaction times between non-fallers and fallers during any of the tasks. Reaction times were significantly longer during the dual- and triple-tasks compared with the simple-task conditions in both groups. The ratio between reaction times during dual-tasks with balance demands (stepping in place) and those in the simple-task condition were significantly related to a history of falls and showed the highest odds ratio (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.06-9.45, p=0.04). Conclusions: Relative changes in reaction times during a dual-task with balance demands were related to a history of falls in community-dwelling older individuals. Reaction times in dual-task conditions with a balance demand were more sensitive to past falls than those during a dual-task with cognitive demands. (Aging Clin Exp Res 2010; 22: 427-432) (C) 2010, Editrice Kurtis

DOI PubMed

Age-Related Changes in Attentional Capacity and the Ability to Multi-Task as a Predictor for Falls in Adults Aged 75 Years and Older

Hyuma Makizako, Taketo Furuna, Hiroyuki Shimada, Hikaru Ihira, Mika Kimura, Lars I. E. Oddsson, Takao Suzuki

JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ( SOC PHYSICAL THERAPY SCIENCE ) 22 ( 3 ) 323 - 329 2010年08月 [査読有り]

[Purpose] Examine the age-related deterioration of attentional capacity and predictive validity of multi-tasking performances for falls in adults aged 75 and older. [Methods] This study involved 45 elderly individuals and 15 healthy and young volunteers. Reaction times to a visual stimulus were measured under three different conditions: 1) stepping in place (dual-tasking condition with dynamic balance demands); 2) counting backwards during quiet standing (dual-tasking condition with cognitive demands); and 3) counting backwards while stepping in place (triple-tasking condition). The participating elderly individuals reported subsequent falls after a 5-month follow-up period. [Results] Elderly adults demonstrated significantly longer reaction time responses in all task conditions in comparison to young adults. There were statistically significant differences in reaction times between fallers and non-fallers during dual-tasking conditions, but not during triple-tasking conditions. The slower reaction times during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands were significantly related to the occurrence of subsequent falls, whereas there was only a weak association in model-adjusted physical performance tests. [Conclusions] Attentional capacity in multi-tasking conditions decreases with aging. Slow reaction time response during dual-tasking conditions with dynamic balance demands may be a predictor of falls in adults aged 75 and older.

DOI

健康寿命の延伸と理学療法健康寿命の延伸と体力の維持・向上のための理学療法

牧迫飛雄馬, 井平光, 古名丈人

理学療法(東京) 27 ( 4 ) 542 - 547 2010年04月

CiNii J-GLOBAL

姿勢制御課題の難易度とプローブ反応時間の関係

井平光, 古名丈人, 牧迫飛雄馬, 宮部謡子

理学療法科学 ( 理学療法科学学会 ) 24 ( 5 ) 727 - 732 2009年10月

DOI CiNii

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