研究者詳細 - 大西　浩文

論文 - 大西　浩文

分割表示 279 件中 61 - 80 件目／全件表示 >>

肝臓

水口徹, 石貫智裕, 張苓, 巽博臣, 久野芳佳, 原田敬介, 大西浩文, 加藤透, 沖田憲司, 川本雅樹, 永山稔, 竹政伊知朗, 大柳俊夫

日本外科感染症学会雑誌 ( (一社)日本外科感染症学会 ) 19 ( 1 ) 230 - 230 2022年10月

一次縫合創に対するNPWTの最適な適応とは SSI予防ガイドラインの次期改定に必要な予防的NPWTに関する有効性の再考

水口徹, 石貫智裕, 張苓, 巽博臣, 久野芳佳, 原田敬介, 大西浩文, 加藤透, 沖田憲司, 川本雅樹, 目黒誠, 秦史壯, 大柳俊夫

日本外科感染症学会雑誌 ( (一社)日本外科感染症学会 ) 19 ( 1 ) 185 - 185 2022年10月

Risk Factors for Early Childhood Caries in Three-Year-Old Japanese Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Yoshimi Nakayama, Hirofumi Ohnishi

Pediatric dentistry 44 ( 5 ) 346 - 354 2022年09月 [国際誌]

Purpose: he purpose of this study was to examine risk factors in the development of early childhood caries (ECC) at age three years in a prospective cohort study of 18- to 23-month-old children. Methods: This was a longitudinal observational study of 872 children 18 to 23 months of age in Hokkaido, Japan, with follow-up at age three years. A self-administered questionnaire was completed by parents or guardians of the children. The baseline survey contents included sex, age, the existence of smokers in the home, maternal smoking during pregnancy, nocturnal breastfeeding, snacking habits, bottle-feeding, frequency of parents brushing their child's teeth, the use of fluoride toothpaste, parents sharing of utensils with child, and socio-economic status. The number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth (dmft) was obtained from dental examinations in both the baseline and follow-up surveys. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the odds ratio for the new onset of ECC in threeyear-olds. Results: The dmft at 18 to 23 months old, nocturnal breastfeeding, prolonged breastfeeding, snacking habits, parents brushing their child's teeth less frequently, and parental sharing utensils with the child were significantly associated with the incidence of ECC at age three years. Conclusions: The existence of early childhood caries in 18- to 23-month-olds may be a strong predictor of the new development of dental caries. Other lifestyles were found to be risk factors for the incidence of dental caries by age three years.

PubMed

Prognostic Factors for Respiratory Dysfunction for Cervical Spinal Cord Injury and/or Cervical Fractures in Elderly Patients: A Multicenter Survey.

Ryosuke Hirota, Yoshinori Terashima, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Toshihiko Yamashita, Noriaki Yokogawa, Takeshi Sasagawa, Kei Ando, Hiroaki Nakashima, Naoki Segi, Toru Funayama, Fumihiko Eto, Akihiro Yamaji, Kota Watanabe, Junichi Yamane, Kazuki Takeda, Takeo Furuya, Atsushi Yunde, Hideaki Nakajima, Tomohiro Yamada, Tomohiko Hasegawa, Hidenori Suzuki, Yasuaki Imajo, Shota Ikegami, Masashi Uehara, Hitoshi Tonomura, Munehiro Sakata, Ko Hashimoto, Yoshito Onoda, Kenichi Kawaguchi, Yohei Haruta, Nobuyuki Suzuki, Kenji Kato, Hiroshi Uei, Hirokatsu Sawada, Kazuo Nakanishi, Kosuke Misaki, Hidetomi Terai, Koji Tamai, Eiki Shirasawa, Gen Inoue, Kenichiro Kakutani, Yuji Kakiuchi, Katsuhito Kiyasu, Hiroyuki Tominaga, Hiroto Tokumoto, Yoichi Iizuka, Eiji Takasawa, Koji Akeda, Norihiko Takegami, Haruki Funao, Yasushi Oshima, Takashi Kaito, Daisuke Sakai, Toshitaka Yoshii, Tetsuro Ohba, Bungo Otsuki, Shoji Seki, Masashi Miyazaki, Masayuki Ishihara, Seiji Okada, Shiro Imagama, Satoshi Kato

Global spine journal 21925682221095470 - 21925682221095470 2022年05月 [国際誌]

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective Cohort Study. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognosis of respiratory function in elderly patients with cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and to identify predictive factors. METHODS: We included 1353 cases of elderly cervical SCI patients collected from 78 institutions in Japan. Patients who required early tracheostomy and ventilator management and those who developed respiratory complications were defined as the respiratory disability group. Patients' background characteristics, injury mechanism, injury form, neurological disability, complications, and treatment methods were compared between the disability and non-disability groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the independent factors. Patients who required respiratory management for 6 months or longer after injury and those who died of respiratory complications were classified into the severe disability group and were compared with minor cases who were weaned off the respirator. RESULTS: A total of 104 patients (7.8%) had impaired respiratory function. Comparisons between the disabled and non-disabled groups and between the severe and mild injury groups yielded distinct trends. In multiple logistic regression analysis, age, blood glucose level, presence of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL), anterior vertebral hematoma, and critical paralysis were selected as independent risk factors. CONCLUSION: Age, OPLL, severe paralysis, anterior vertebral hematoma, hypoalbuminemia, and blood glucose level at the time of injury were independent factors for respiratory failure. Hyperglycemia may have a negative effect on respiratory function in this condition.

DOI PubMed

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease predicts new onset of chronic kidney disease better than does fatty liver or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Marenao Tanaka, Kazuma Mori, Satoko Takahashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Nagisa Hanawa, Masato Furuhashi

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association 2022年05月 [国際誌]

BACKGROUND: Possible associations of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with fatty liver (FL) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have recently been focused on. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as FL with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus or metabolic abnormalities, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. However, the relationship between MAFLD and new onset of CKD has not been fully addressed. METHODS: We investigated the associations of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD with the development of CKD, defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or positive for urinary protein, over a 10-year period in 28 890 Japanese subjects who received annual health examinations. After exclusion of subjects with no data for abdominal ultrasonography and subjects with CKD at baseline, a total of 13 159 subjects (men/women: 8581/4578, mean age: 48 years) were recruited. RESULTS: The prevalences of FL, NAFLD and MAFLD were 34.6% (men/women: 45.1%/15.1%), 32.8% (men/women: 42.7%/14.5%) and 32.3% (men/women: 42.4%/13.4%), respectively. During the 10-year follow-up period, 2163 subjects (men/women: 1475/688) had new onset of CKD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model analyses showed that MAFLD (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.12 [1.02-1.26], p = 0.027), but not FL or NAFLD, was an independent risk factor for new onset of CKD after adjustment of age, sex, eGFR, current smoking habit, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The addition of MAFLD (continuous net reclassification improvement [NRI]: 0.154, integrated discrimination improvement [IDI]: 0.0024) to traditional risk factors without metabolic abnormalities significantly improved the discriminatory capacity better than did the addition of FL (NRI: 0.138, IDI: 0.0018) or NAFLD (NRI: 0.132, IDI: 0.0017). CONCLUSIONS: MAFLD is modestly and independently associated with new onset of CKD and predicts the risk for development of CKD better than does FL or NAFLD.

DOI PubMed

Fatty liver index(FLI)の高値は虚血性心疾患の独立した予測因子である。

森和真, 森和真, 田中希尚, 東浦幸村, 塙なぎさ, 大西浩文, 大西浩文, 古橋眞人

日本高血圧学会総会プログラム・抄録集(CD-ROM) 52 ( 8 ) 687 - 698 2022年05月 [国際誌]

AIM: Fatty liver index (FLI), which is calculated by using body mass index, waist circumference and levels of γ-glutamyl transferase and triglycerides, is a validated surrogate marker of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between FLI and the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) during a 10-year period. METHODS: Among subjects who received annual health checkups (n = 28 990), a total of 18 851 subjects (men/women: 11 659/7192) were enrolled after exclusion of subjects with missing data and those with IHD at baseline. RESULTS: FLI at baseline was significantly higher in men than in women. During the 10-year period, 450 men (3.9%) and 123 women (1.7%) had new onset of IHD determined by a self-reported questionnaire survey. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard risk (HR) for the development of IHD increased with a higher FLI at baseline after adjustment of age, sex, current smoking habit, family history of IHD and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease at baseline. There was no significant interaction between FLI and sex for the adjusted HR. When divided by tertiles of FLI at baseline (T1∼T3), the adjusted risk for development of IHD in the T3 group (HR [95% confidence interval]: 1.34 [1.05-1.71]) was significantly higher than that in the T1 group as the reference. The addition of FLI into traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of FLI is an independent predictor of new onset of IHD during a 10-year period.

DOI PubMed J-GLOBAL

Circulating level of fatty acid-binding protein 4 is an independent predictor of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Marenao Tanaka, Satoko Takahashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Akiko Sakai, Masayuki Koyama, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Masato Furuhashi

Journal of diabetes investigation 13 ( 5 ) 878 - 888 2022年05月 [国内誌]

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), defined as hepatosteatosis with type 2 diabetes mellitus, overweight/obesity or metabolic dysregulation, has been proposed as a new feature of chronic liver disease. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipose tissue, and secreted FABP4 is associated with the development of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between MAFLD and FABP4 has not been fully addressed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Associations of MAFLD with metabolic markers, including FABP4, fibroblast growth factor 21 and adiponectin, were investigated in 627 individuals (men/women 292/335) in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a population-based cohort. RESULTS: The mean age was 65 years (range 19-98 years, median [interquartile range] 68 [56-76] years). Hepatosteatosis was determined by the fatty liver index (FLI), and FLI ≥35 for men and FLI ≥16 for women were used for detection of fatty liver, as previously reported using 14,471 Japanese individuals. FLI was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure and levels of FABP4 (r = 0.331, P < 0.001), fibroblast growth factor 21, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance as an insulin resistance index and uric acid, and was negatively correlated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin. FABP4 concentration was independently associated with FLI after adjustment of age, sex, systolic blood pressure and levels of uric acid, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in multivariable regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis showed that FABP4 was an independent predictor of MAFLD after adjustment of age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia, and levels of uric acid, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21. CONCLUSIONS: FABP4 concentration is independently associated with FLI and is an independent predictor of MAFLD in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

DOI PubMed

代謝異常関連脂肪肝疾患(MAFLD)とCKD発症リスクの関連についての検討

田中希尚, 高橋聖子, 森和真, 東浦幸村, 大西浩文, 塙なぎさ, 古橋眞人

日本腎臓学会誌 ( (一社)日本腎臓学会 ) 64 ( 3 ) 223 - 223 2022年05月

代謝異常関連脂肪肝疾患(MAFLD)とCKD発症リスクの関連についての検討

田中希尚, 高橋聖子, 森和真, 東浦幸村, 大西浩文, 塙なぎさ, 古橋眞人

日本腎臓学会誌 ( (一社)日本腎臓学会 ) 64 ( 3 ) 223 - 223 2022年05月

Increased LDL cholesterol level is associated with deterioration of renal function in males

Arata Osanami, Marenao Tanaka, Masato Furuhashi, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Nagisa Hanawa, Tomohisa Yamashita, Norihito Moniwa, Tetsuji Miura

Clinical Kidney Journal ( Oxford University Press (OUP) ) 15 ( 10 ) 1888 - 1895 2022年04月 [国際誌]

Abstract Background Relationships between levels of serum lipid fractions and the time course of renal function are discrepant in the literature. Here we examined this issue by analyses of healthy subjects in a cohort. Methods Of all subjects who received health examinations at Keijinkai Maruyama Clinic, Sapporo in 2006, subjects with hypertension, diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease (CKD) and those taking medication for dyslipidemia were excluded, and a total of 5,586 subjects (male/female: 3,563/2,023, mean age: 43 ± 8 years) were followed for 10 years. Results Linear mixed effect models showed that baseline low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol level was negatively associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during the 10-year follow-up period after adjustment of confounders. Interactions between the follow-up year and baseline level of LDL-cholesterol or high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol for eGFR values during the follow-up period were significant in males but not in females. There were no significant interactions for eGFR between the follow-up year and baseline levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, or HDL-cholesterol/triglycerides ratio. During the follow-up period, 346 males and 223 females developed CKD. When male subjects were divided into subgroups according to tertiles of baseline levels of LDL-cholesterol, the adjusted risk for CKD in the third tertial group was significantly higher than that in the first tertile group as a reference (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.39 [1.02-1.90], p = 0.035). Such a difference was not observed for LDL-cholesterol tertiles in females or HDL-cholesterol tertiles in both sexes. Conclusions A high LDL-cholesterol level may be a risk factor of new-onset CKD in apparently healthy males.

DOI PubMed

Prediction and validation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by fatty liver index in a Japanese population.

Satoko Takahashi, Marenao Tanaka, Yukimura Higashiura, Kazuma Mori, Nagisa Hanawa, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Masato Furuhashi

Endocrine journal 69 ( 4 ) 463 - 471 2022年04月 [国内誌]

Fatty liver index (FLI) calculated by using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and levels of γ-glutamyl transferase and triglycerides is a non-invasive predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The original study in Italy showed that the cutoff level for prediction of NAFLD was FLI ≥60. However, the sex difference in FLI was not taken into consideration, and it is unclear whether the cutoff value can be applied to other races. We investigated the cutoff value of FLI for prediction of NAFLD determined by abdominal ultrasonography using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses in 14,471 Japanese subjects (men/women: 9,240/5,231; mean age: 48 ± 9 years). There was a significant interaction between sex and FLI for detection of NAFLD (p < 0.001). The cutoff values of FLI in men and women were 35.1 (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.82) and 15.6 (AUC: 0.91), respectively. When the subjects were divided by the absence and presence of obesity (BMI ≥25), there was a significant interaction between FLI and obesity for detection of NAFLD in women (p < 0.001) but not in men (p = 0.679). The cutoff values of FLI in non-obese/obese men and women were 22.6/52.6 and 11.2/33.2, respectively. In conclusion, the cutoff value of FLI for prediction of NAFLD in Japanese individuals was lower than that in the original study, and there is a significant sex difference. The simple and useful cutoff values in Japanese men and women are FLI ≥35 (non-obese/obese: 23/53) and FLI ≥16 (non-obese/obese: 11/33), respectively.

DOI PubMed

High fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index predicts new onset of ischemic heart disease during a 10-year period in a general population

Yukimura Higashiura, Marenao Tanaka, Kazuma Mori, Takuma Mikami, Itaru Hosaka, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Nagisa Hanawa, Masato Furuhashi

European Heart Journal Open ( Oxford University Press (OUP) ) 2 ( 3 ) oeac030 2022年04月 [国際誌]

Abstract Aims The fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index, calculated by using age, platelet count and levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, is a noninvasive indicator for detection of liver fibrosis. Advanced hepatic fibrosis is associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the relationship between liver fibrosis and the development of ischemic heart disease (IHD) has not fully been addressed. Methods and Results We investigated the association between FIB-4 index and new onset of IHD during a 10-year period in a general population of subjects who received annual health examinations (n = 28,990). After exclusion of subjects with missing data and those with a history of IHD at baseline, a total of 13,448 subjects (men/women: 8,774/4,674, mean age: 48 years) were included. During the 10-year period, 378 men (4.3%) and 77 women (1.6%) had new onset of IHD. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with a restricted cubic spline showed that hazard risk for the development of IHD increased with a higher FIB-4 index at baseline after adjustment of age, sex, fatty liver (FL) determined by ultrasonography, estimated glomerular filtration rate, habits of current smoking and alcohol drinking, family history of IHD, and diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. When divided by FL, FIB-4 index was an independent predictor for the development of IHD in subjects with FL but not in those without FL. The addition of FIB-4 index to traditional risk factors for IHD significantly improved the discriminatory capability. Conclusion A high level of FIB-4 index predicts new onset of IHD during a 10-year period.

DOI PubMed

Effect of Early Surgical Intervention for Brain Tumors Associated with Epilepsy on the Improvement in Memory Performance.

Tsukasa Hirano, Hime Suzuki, Katsuya Komatsu, Aya Kanno, Yuusuke Kimura, Rei Enatsu, Satoko Ochi, Hirofumi Ohnishi, Nobuhiro Mikuni

Neurologia medico-chirurgica 62 ( 6 ) 286 - 293 2022年04月 [国内誌]

We evaluated the effect of early surgical intervention on the change in memory performance of patients with low-grade brain tumors associated with epilepsy. Twenty-three adult patients with low-grade brain tumors and epilepsy who underwent surgery at our institution between 2010 and 2019 were included. The Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) was used to assess cognitive memory performance. Memory performance before and after surgery was retrospectively evaluated. In addition, the relationships among preoperative memory function, postoperative seizure outcome, preoperative seizure control, temporal lobe lesion, and change in memory function were examined. There were statistically significant improvements from median preoperative to postoperative WMS-R subscale scores for verbal memory, general memory, and delayed recall (p<0.001, p<0.001, and p=0.0055, respectively) regardless of preoperative sores and tumor location. Good postsurgical seizure control was associated with significant improvements in postoperative WMS-R performance. Our results indicated that early surgical intervention might improve postoperative memory function in patients with low-grade brain tumors and epilepsy.

DOI PubMed

Fibrosis-4(FIB-4)Indexは新規の虚血性心疾患発症の独立した予測因子である

東浦幸村, 古橋眞人, 田中希尚, 森和真, 高橋聖子, 大西浩文, 塙なぎさ

糖尿病 ( (一社)日本糖尿病学会 ) 65 ( Suppl.1 ) S - 187 2022年04月

新型コロナウイルス感染症（COVID-19）と健康リテラシー教育【総説】

大西浩文, 大浦麻絵, 小山雅之, 長多好恵, 長谷川準子, 助友裕子, 森満

北海道生命倫理研究 ( 北海道生命倫理研究会 ) 10 13 - 19 2022年03月

In Japanese medical issues, the use of terms “Western medicine” and “Eastern medicine” seem to divide the category “medicine” into two twin concepts, based on the area. However, it can be said that “Eastern/Oriental medicine” is given a greatly different definition―that of a derived context―whereas Western medicine is often given a coherent definition―“new medicine transmitted to Japan from the outside” through a historic process. Consequently, the term Oriental/Eastern medicine has been given a strong characteristic of the polysemic word.The term Western/Oriental medicine has been used by medical institutions in Japan. In this field, the background as a polysemic word has been shared, and the state that the treatment accepted various contexts has been maintained so far. Nevertheless, given its newer context,―Oriental/Eastern medicine―has spreads in recent years, and there is a tendency toward the use of the new definition, passing over the conventional polysemic word. It is possible that a discrepancy between the background and context of the conventional polysemic word may occur. There is also concern regarding the confusion around the meaning of the term Eastern/Oriental medicine.This paper intend to rearrange the transition of the relationship between the concepts under the historic context and the meaning of Eastern/Oriental medicine as a polysemic word.

DOI

Plasma Tsukushi Concentration Is Associated with High Levels of Insulin and FGF21 and Low Level of Total Cholesterol in a General Population without Medication.

Masato Furuhashi, Yukimura Higashiura, Akiko Sakai, Masayuki Koyama, Marenao Tanaka, Shigeyuki Saitoh, Kazuaki Shimamoto, Hirofumi Ohnishi

Metabolites 12 ( 3 ) 2022年03月 [国際誌]

Tsukushi (TSK) is a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan family that controls developmental processes and organogenesis. TSK was also identified as a new hepatokine, which is mainly expressed in the liver, and is secreted by hepatocytes, to regulate energy and glycolipid metabolism in response to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. However, the role of plasma TSK, especially its role in the general population, has not been fully addressed. We investigated the associations between plasma TSK concentration and several metabolic markers, including fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a hepatokine, and adiponectin, an adipokine, in 253 subjects (men/women: 114/139) with no medication in the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, which employed a population-based cohort. There was no significant sex difference in plasma TSK concentration, and the level was positively correlated with the fatty liver index (FLI) (r = 0.131, p = 0.038), levels of insulin (r = 0.295, p < 0.001) and levels of FGF21 (r = 0.290, p < 0.001), and was negatively correlated with the total cholesterol level (r = -0.124, p = 0.049). There was no significant correlation between the TSK level and body mass index, waist circumference, adiponectin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol or total bile acids. The multivariable regression analysis showed that high levels of insulin and FGF21 and a low level of total cholesterol were independent determinants of plasma TSK concentration, after adjustment for age, sex and FLI. In conclusion, plasma TSK concentration is independently associated with high levels of insulin and FGF21, a hepatokine, and a low level of total cholesterol, but not with adiposity and adiponectin, in a general population of subjects who have not taken any medications.

DOI PubMed

子ども達から市民に届ける感染症予防啓発活動コロナ禍における学校と連携した手洗い活動

大浦麻絵, 大西浩文, 助友裕子, 小山雅之, 長多好恵, 長谷川準子, 森満

札幌保健科学雑誌 ( 札幌医科大学保健医療学部 ) ( 11 ) 1 - 6 2022年03月

本稿においては,我々が地域における公衆衛生活動の一環として実施している「学童における感染症予防教育活動」を紹介する.本活動は2017年から開始され,地域における子ども達の集団衛生意識や技術の向上のみならず,子ども達が主導する地域における感染症予防啓発活動としても実施している.双方向の公衆衛生活動においては活動を支える産官学の多種多様な業種の繋がりの役割が大きい.今後の課題としては,教員のみならず児童会や生徒会を介して子どもと研究班との直接的な関係強化の必要性が挙げられる.更には,活動の持続可能性を助長する活動資金を確保し,地域における子ども主導の活動に移行していくことが必要と考えている.(著者抄録)

子ども達から市民に届ける感染症予防啓発活動コロナ禍における学校と連携した手洗い活動

大浦麻絵, 大西浩文, 助友裕子, 小山雅之, 長多好恵, 長谷川準子, 森満

札幌保健科学雑誌 ( 札幌医科大学保健医療学部 ) ( 11 ) 1 - 6 2022年03月

J-GLOBAL

産・官・学が協働した学校教育における公衆衛生活動病気の予防プロジェクト&ありがとうプロジェクト

大浦麻絵, 大西浩文, 小山雅之, 長多好恵, 助友裕子, 長谷川準子, 西村剛, 岬真一郎, 戸島宏二, 川原知晃, 森満

北海道公衆衛生学雑誌 ( 北海道公衆衛生学会 ) 35 ( 2 ) 177 - 181 2022年03月

三密になりがちな教育現場での感染予防・感染拡大防止に貢献するとともに、新型コロナウイルス感染症に関する予防啓発・情報共有活動を2020年度から実施している。本稿では公衆衛生活動として実施している、社会を支えるすべての人々にありがとうの気持ちを伝える"ありがとうプロジェクト"、子ども達がエビデンス(科学的根拠)に基づく教育を受け、その学びの成果を社会へ発信する"病気の予防プロジェクト"において実施された保健所による教育講義についての実践報告を行う。(著者抄録)

新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)と健康リテラシー教育

大西浩文, 大浦麻絵, 小山雅之, 長多好恵, 長谷川準子, 助友裕子, 森満

北海道生命倫理研究 ( 北海道生命倫理研究会 ) 10 13 - 19 2022年03月

新型コロナウイルス感染症(COVID-19)は、社会に大きな不安をもたらし、その病気に対する不安が、偏見や差別という社会問題を引き起こしている。偏見・差別をなくすための取り組みの一つとして、児童生徒や保護者に対する感染症に関する教育や人権教育の重要性が考えられている。札幌医科大学医学部公衆衛生学講座では、これまで子ども達を対象として健康リテラシー向上を目指した感染症予防教育活動を実践してきており、その活動について紹介する。2017年より札幌市内の児童館において感染症予防教育を開始し、2018年には15の児童館、2つの小学校、1つの子育て支援センターでの活動に広がった。インフルエンザ予防について学び、学んだ知識をもとに予防に関する普及啓発ポスターを製作して公共スペースに展示することで情報発信を行った。2019年には小中学生を対象とした総合学習を行い、感染症についての知識や健康リテラシーを身につけ、エビデンスに基づく情報発信を考える機会となった。COVID-19の流行後は、これらの活動は中止となったものの、子ども達の感染予防活動を推進することが、学校現場を支援することにもつながると考え、モデル校を選出して泡石鹸を配布して手洗い活動を推進する「手洗い徹底活動プロジェクト」を開始した。また、感染拡大防止に役立つ情報共有を行う幼稚園・学校単位の仲間作りのプロジェクトも行い、参加施設の子ども達が作成したCOVID-19に関するクイズ動画が札幌ドームで上映されるなどの活動にもつながった。さらに、この活動は他地域へと広がり、高知県奈半利町においてもオンライン授業を行って、生徒達の手洗いの様子を写真に撮ってポスターにすることや川柳を作成して地域へ呼びかける活動にもつながった。我々の活動が、多くの施設、団体に賛同いただいてネットワークが広がっていき、子ども達が健康知識やヘルスリテラシーを身につけて、社会に情報発信を行うことで、地域での予防活動や差別・偏見をなくす活動へと発展できる可能性が示唆された。(著者抄録)

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